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1、,英语教学课件系列,Go,for,it!,Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?,Section A Grammar Focus,来源：,enjoy dinner with my family.,A: Mum, could I go out for dinner with my friends? B: Sure, that should be OK.,来源：,A: Could I get something to drink with my friends after the movie? B: Sure, you can.,A: Could I ge
2、t something to drink with my friends after the movie? B: No, you cant, you have a basketball game tomorrow.,来源：,take the dog for a walk,遛狗,A: Can you please take the dog for a walk? B: OK, but I want to watch one show first.,take out the rubbish,扔垃圾,来源：,A: Can you please take out the rubbish? B: Yes
3、, sure.,Grammar Focus,情态动词用法,只作情态动词的 can / could, may / might, ought to, must 可情态可实义的 need, dare 可情态可助动词的 shall / should, will / would 相当于情态动词的 have to, used to,情态动词的语法特征,1) 情态动词不能单独做谓语, 除ought和have外, 后面只能接不带to的不定式。,2) 情态动词没有人称, 数的变化, 但有些情态动词, 如can、will也有一般式和过去式的变化。,3)情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要标志, 不少情况下,
4、 情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。,1) can的主要用法是： A. 表示体力或脑力的能力： e.g. The girl can dance very well. B. 表示说话的推测事物的可能性等: e.g. Can the news be true? C. 在口语中, can可以表示请求或允许: e.g. Can I sit here?,can 和could：,can表示“能够”时与短语be able to同义，但can只用于一般现在时或过去时，而后者可用于各种时态。另外，can表示个人有某种能力，而be able to表示某人通过努力、克服困难做
5、成某事，相当于succeed in doing sth.；叙述过去事实时，最好用was / were able to，因为could只表示过去具有某种能力。,如： Can you understand the different kinds of English these people are using? Two years later, he was able to speak very good Chinese.,2) could的主要用法是： A. could 是can的过去式, 表示与过去 有关的能力和推测: e.g. We all knew that the young man
6、couldnt be a doctor. B. could可以代替can表示请求, 但语气较can客气、委婉:,来源：,e.g. Could you lend me your dictionary? Could I use your bike? 3) can和could接动词的完成形式，表示可能已经做某事。can用在否定和疑问句中, 表示不相信、怀疑等态度。 e.g. They cant have gone out because the light is still on.,以could或would提问时，不能再以could或would作答，而应该用can或will。如： Could I b
7、orrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you can.,情态动词用法小结 1. 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情, 只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 2. 情态动词除ought 和have 外, 后面只能接不带to 的不定式。,3. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。 4. 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、分词等形式。,could与can的区别 could与can都是情态动词, could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求, 但是用法稍有不同。,can 表示一般性的请求，语气随便, 常用于 熟人之间或长辈对晚辈, 上
8、级对下级的 场合。 e.g. Can you tell us your story, Tony ? Tony，你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗？,could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉， 常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈，下级 对上级的场合。比如： -Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia? -Sure. -请告诉我们, 澳大利亚冬天下雪吗? -当然可以。,注意：1. 提出委婉的请求在回答中不可用could。 A: Could I have the television on? B: Yes, you can. / No, you cant.
9、 2. 在否定、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑用couldnt。 He couldnt be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。,may和might 表示允许或请求; 表示没有把握的推测; may放在句首, 表示祝愿。 May God bless you! He might be at home. 注意: might 表示推测时, 不表示时态，只是可能性比may小。,1. 两词都是 “必须”的意思, have to 表示客观的需要, must 表示 说话人主观上的看法, 既主观 上的必要。,have to和must,My brother was very ill, so I had to cal
10、l the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里 把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事) He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。 (主观上要做这件事),2. have to 有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。 He had to look after his sister yesterday.,3. 在否定结构中: dont have to 表示 “不必”, mustnt 表示“禁止”。 You dont have to
11、 tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。 You mustnt tell him about it.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。,4a. Write R for requests and P for permissions. Then match each one with the correct response.,_ Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 2. _Could you please pass me the salt? 3._Could I borrow that book? 4._Could
12、you help me do the dishes? 5._Could you lend me some money?,P,R,P,R,R,Yes, here you are. Hmm. How much do you need? Yes, sure. No problem. I finished reading it last night. d. Yes, but dont come back too late. e. No, I cant I cut my finger and Im trying not to get it wet.,1d 2-a 3-c 4-e 5-b,4b Fill
13、in the blanks in the conversation,A: I hate to_ chores. B: Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores. A: Really? Great! _I ask you to_ me with some chores then? B: What do you need help with ? A: _ you please _my clothes for me? B: I dont want to do that! Its boring!,Could,do,help,Could,
14、fold,A: OK. Then_ you _do the dishes for me? B: Sure, no problem. But_ we go to the movies after that? A: Sure, Ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. Then we can go to the movies.,could,please,could,4c Make a list of things your group needs to do for a camping trip. Then discuss
15、who will do bring a tent them and complete the chart.,A: Could you please bring Liu Chang? B: Sure. And could you please ? C: Sorry, I cant. I have to,Pair work,用情态动词can/could, cant, may, must, mustnt , neednt填空。 1. - _ you come and play with us now? - Im afraid I _. I _ do the cooking. I _ come later. 2. - _ we clean the windows today? - No, you _. You _ clean them tomorrow.,Could,cant,must,can,Must,neednt,can,3. - _ I watch TV this evening, mum? - No, you _. Work _ come first. 4. - _ I come in, please? -Yes, please. 5. Excuse me. _ you tell me the way to the cinema?,May,mustnt,must,
