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1、271S/Z2007M2Vol. 27 No. 1 Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resour ces Feb. 2007 :SE1S(50309002)Te:mY( 1939 ) ) ,3,q,VY#b水文学的发展及其所面临的若干前沿科学问题芮孝芳,刘方贵,邢贞相(Zv,2 210098)K1:通过回顾水文学的发展史,指出客观上总是存在着两条相辅相成a互相促进a不断提高的水文学发展轨迹b通过归纳水文学已取得的主要学术成就,认为物理学的渗透和本构关系的揭示是水文学理论进步的重要条件b当今水文学面临的若干困惑,主要来自对其本构关系的研究相
2、对薄弱,由此凝炼出水文学的前沿科学问题主要是:非线性问题a尺度转换问题a空间变异性问题a坡面流速问题a确定性与随机性互补问题a水文时间序列长期演变规律问题a/ 异参同效0问题a预测模型问题a时空探源问题和误差问题等b加强或重视对这些前沿科学问题的研究,将会有力地促进水文学的理论和应用水平不断提高b1oM:水文学;本构关系;非线性;尺度转换;空间变异性; 确定性;随机性;异参同效ms|: P33 DSM: A cI|: 1006O7647( 2007) 01O0075O05Advancesin hydrology and some frontier problems/ /RUI Xiao-fan
3、g , LIU Fang-gui, XING Zhen-x iang (College of WaterResources and Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)Abstract: Based on a review of some advances in hydrology and main achievements from the research, it is pointed out that thereare two development lines in the research, which suppl
4、ement each other , and it is considered that the introduction of physics andthe revealing of the constitutive relationship in the research provide important conditions for the development of hydrolog ical theory.At present, the research on hydrology is facing with some difficulties, mainly coming fr
5、om the relatively weak research on theconstitutive relationship. The main problems lay on the non- linearity, scale transformation, spatial variability, velocity of overlandflow, complementation between determinacy and randomness, long- term change of hydrology time series, / equifinality for differ
6、entparameters0 , prediction model, spatio- temporal origin of water resources, and error analysis. Paying much attention to theseproblems will greatly promote the development of hydrological theories and improve the level of their application.Key words: hydrology ; constitutive relationship; nonline
7、arity; scale transformation; spatial variability; determinacy;randomness; equifinality for different parametersC?)I?Z?IEB?Z?hZEG,f/P9ZE(9S=-7ZPUB9) ?l?,-S5t?1C?pBU,7O9YL=345B%bASE=Es15b1 ?ZE?ZMpMM1bMF,#pZTZ,P5% 1b?Z*,kmYVy/,|,y7Z=?Z,i20W30M60My?Z,sS) )b20W70M,6?Zgy9,1Cf,AFl,BYa7?ar5Z_yN7?ZbNH,6?ZT,C
8、5,nbBF,7O#6V?ZbN/,sZ_#75#水利水电科技进展,2007, 27(1) Tel: 025O83786335 E-mail:jzhhu.edu. cn http:/ kkb.hhu.edu. cn73bsS/0/0+20W70MHb,Ft,XAYBtZ3d,3d3X1,M,10M3 2y?Z,isSbTMp?ZE,*S/?ZaU1C?p%L=54ZEbYLA,YVM1a/1,r1),AS/aUC?pbyN,?ZVAi?ZEMMaM6BH?ZEb19Wd8$ 1bN,S/?Z3Yb 3U?psSbd 4de)5sSb 5GqaVHWs/)?psSb3 63/s?pEsSbL 7SLZEU?psSbB4,1i30M?ZBbQ1i731Y,0: 1979MRodriguez-Iturbe 8d9yHL; 1986MAbbott 9yB$sT,SHE; 1991MRinaldo 10yHLVrTb1998MReggiani 11|d,yV( REW),:M?3VC?3IH?v?/C%54V?by,V
