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1、M5u3 Grammar and usage,Verb-ed form Verb-ed phrases Verb-ing and verb-ed used as adjectives,Liu Xiang is a player _(love) by many thousands of fans. Unluckily ,he got _(injure) in the game,in2012 London Olympics. The _ (surprise) news got across to the world and his fans were _ (disappoint) to see i
2、t，but they still wished him a happy life.,loved,injured,surprising,disappointed,注意过去分词做定语的位置,a broken window,a polluted river,a lighted candle,一支点燃的蜡烛,一个醉鬼,a drunken/ drunk man,一、 过去分词作定语,1.前置定语,归纳1： 单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词_。,之前,1.【2012湖南】 23. Time, _ correctly, is money in the bank. A. to use B. use
3、d C. using D. use,2.（2011福建卷）Tsinghua University, _ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. foundB. founding C. foundedD. to be founded,a woman_ (穿着白色衣服的),dressed in white,a picture _ (齐白石画的),painted by Qi Baishi,一、 过去分词作定语,2.后置定语,归纳2： 过去分词短语作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词_。,之后,The functions of ver
4、b-ed form,1. attribute(定语),当V- ed 在句中放在名词前或名词后修饰名词，功能上相当于adj，其作用相当于定语从句,We should drink boiled water.,We should drink water which has been boiled.,They took the injured woman to the nearby hospital at once.,They took the woman who was injured to the nearby hospital at once.,The name mentioned in the
5、 letter was unknown to me.,The name which was mentioned in the letter was unknown to me.,The firemen were trying to rescue the people trapped in the fire.,The firemen were trying to rescue the people who were trapped in the fire.,2) v-ed短语放在名词之后，功能上相当于adj，可用逗号隔开，其作用相当于非限定性定语从句。,The books, written by
6、 Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.,The books, which were written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.,The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success.,The meeting, which was attended by one thousand students, was a success.,3) 一般来说，及物动词形成的过去分词是表被动意义（passive mean
7、ings ），而不及物动词的过去分词是表主动意义但动作已经完成（active and past meanings） 。,the escaped criminal,past,the developed countries,past,a widely used language,passive,the retired scientist,past,4) Adv./ n. 可放在过去分词前，构成复合词,a so-called professor,a highly-respected professor,a well-paid job,一个所谓的教授,极受尊重的教授,报酬颇丰的工作,handmade
8、furniture,手工制作的家具,a newly-married couple,一对新婚夫妇,2. v-ed用在系动词 (link-verbs)之后，作表语(predicative),系动词的分类：,“似乎类”：,“感觉类”：,“变成类”：,“仍然类”：,基本形式：,be( am, is, are),seem, appear, look,feel, sound, smell, taste,become, go, get, grow, fall, turn,remain, stay, keep,My grandfather was delighted to hear I passed my e
9、xams. 2. Edison became interested in science when he was very young.,3. The little boy looked very excited when he heard that he could go to the party.,1.They were _ to hear the _ news. (delight) 2. The teacher announced the _ news with an _voice. (excite),delighted,delighting,excited,exciting,V-ing
10、 与V-ed 作表语的区别,归纳: V-ing 表示“令人 的”，说明的是逻辑主语本身的特性； V-ed 表示“人（感到）的”：（1）往往指人的心理感受；（2）说明的是逻辑主语因受外界的影响而起的变化,区别,3.There was a _ (surprise) look on his face.,surprised,4. When he looked at the _ problem, he had a _(confuse) expression on his face.,confusing,confused,注意：有些动词如surprise，confuse，worry，embarrass，f
11、righten等常用过去分词来修饰人的表情，声音等,an embarrassed look,2.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed, drunk, well-known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。, She was very disappointed to hear the result., Hes quite experienced in teaching math.,be dressed in be interested in be worried
12、 about be absorbed in,短语积累,A. The library is closed. B. The library is closed at six. C. The library is closed by the teacher.,3.区别： “ 系动词+过去分词”是系表结构还是被动语态？,（系表结构）,(被动语态）,(被动语态）,归纳：,1.系表结构表示主语的特点或所处的状态，强调主谓关系，此时相当于一个形容词。,归纳：,2.被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，强调动宾关系。后面常跟by短语来表示；有具体的时间，表示当时的动作。,1) I had my hair cut y
13、esterday.,1.在使役动词后面make, get, have +宾+宾补（v-ed）,3. Past participles used as the Object Complement (宾语补足语),2) The teacher spoke slowly and clearly to make himself understood.,2.在感观动词后面做宾补 see, hear, feel, watch, notice ,find + 宾+宾补（v-ed）,She found the door locked.,1) 她发现门锁上了。,2) We saw the thief . 我们看
14、见小偷被警察抓住了。,caught by the police,I saw her into the classroom.(正进入教室come） I saw her into the classroom.（进了教室come） I saw her the classroom.（被带出教室take out of）,coming,come,taken out of,过去分词, 不定式, 现在分词作宾补的区别: 过去分词强调与宾语之间的 关系，不带to的不定式强调动作发生的 ，现在分词强调与宾语之间的 关系，正在进行。,被动,全过程,主动,1.【2012四川】 12. Before driving i
15、nto the city, you are required to get your car _. A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash,2.（2011浙江卷）14. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words. A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost,3.【2012浙江】11. “Its such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table _ for customers. to be reserved B. having reserved C. reserving D. reserved,4.若v-ed放在stand, sit , lie 等词后，则表示这两个动作是同时进行。,The girl lay in bed lost in thought.,The girl lay in bed and was lost in thought.,The boy sat at the table buried in his homework.,The boy sat at the table and
