《三相异步电动机的降压启动控制线路_教学课件.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《三相异步电动机的降压启动控制线路_教学课件.ppt(56页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、5 三相异步电动机的 降压启动控制线路,全压启动:启动时加在电动机定子绕组上的电压为电动机的额定电压。 降压启动:利用启动设备将电压适当降低后,加到电动机的定子绕组上进行启动,待电动机启动运转后,再使其电压恢复到额定电压正常运转。 电动机的直接启动条件:,一、定子绕组串接电阻降压启动控制线路,电动机启动时,在电动机的定子绕组上串联电 阻,由于电阻的分压作用,使加在电动机的定子绕 组上的电压低于电源电压,待启动后,再将电阻短 接,电动机便在额定电压下正常运行。,.手动控制串联电阻降压启动,电路组成分析,.手动控制串联电阻降压启动,合上电源开关QS1,电动机串联电阻降压启动,.手动控制串联电阻降压
2、启动,合上QS2,电阻R被短接,电动机全压正常运转,M 3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,FR,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,FR,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,合上电源开关QS,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,降压
3、启动: 按下SB1 KM1线圈得电,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,松开SB1, 继续电动机降压启动,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KT延时闭合, KM2线圈得电,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2
4、,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM2 联锁触头断开,对KM1联锁,KM1线圈失电,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM2 自锁触头闭合,自锁 KM2主触头闭合,电阻被短路,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1自
5、锁触头闭合,自锁 KM1主触头闭合,电动机降压启动KM1动合辅助触头闭合,KT线圈得电,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1自锁触头断开,解除自锁 KM1主触头断开,电动机全压运行 KM1动合辅助触头断开,KT线圈失电,KT延时闭合触头瞬时断开,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,
6、KM1,停: 按下SB2,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,二、自耦变压器降压启动控制线路,自耦变压器降压启动:在电动机启动时利用 自耦变压器来降低加在电动机定子绕组上的启动 电压。待电动机启动后,再使电动机与自耦变压 器脱离,从而在全压下正常运行。,自耦变压器降压启动原理图,1. 手动自耦降压启动器,QJD3系列手动自耦降压启动器外形及电路图,QJ10系列空气式手动自耦降压启动器电路图,2.XJ01系列自耦降压启动箱,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,FR,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KT
7、,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,TM,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,合上电源开关QS,TM,FR,KT,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,按SB2 KM1线圈得电,TM,FR,KT,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,K
8、M1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1联锁触头分断,对KM3联锁,KM1主触头闭合,自耦变压器TM联结成星形 KM1动合辅助触头闭合,KM2线圈得电,KT线圈得电,TM,FR,KT,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2主触头闭合,电动机M接入电机降压启动 KM2动合辅助触头闭合,自锁,松开SB2,TM,FR,KT,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KT延时断开的动断触头延时分断 KM1线圈失电 KT延时闭合的动合触头延时闭合,TM,FR,KT,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1线圈失电KM1动合触头分断KM1主触头分断 电动机M失电惯性运行 KM1联锁触头闭合,TM,FR,KT,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM3线圈得