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1、非谓语动词考点归纳,非谓语动词使用条件,一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。,She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.,非谓语动词的句法功能,不定式运用口诀 本领最多不定式，主、表、宾、补、定和状。 样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢。 大家千万要当心，有时它把句型改， 作主宾时用“it”, 自己在后把身藏。 七个感官三使役， 宾补要把to甩开； 疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充
2、当； 逻辑主语不定式，不定式前for sb. ; to前not是否定， 各种用法区别开。,不定式在七个感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, find, notice, listen to, 三个使役动词 let, have, make等后作宾补时,to要省略,1. 作主语,侧重于动作的具体性和将来性 To play basketball is a great pleasure. 但为使句子平衡,常用it 代它作主语, 把它移到句子后部去. It is a great pleasure to play basketball.,(二)、不定式的句法功能,主语宾语 表语 定语 状语
3、,2. 作宾语,A. 跟不定式作宾语的常见动词: （）hope, want , expect, wish, desire, like, love, dislike ,hate, plan, intend, mean, prepare, decide, determine, afford, fail, manage, try、dare, help , promise、refuse、 learn、offer、 agree、forget ,bother .,B. 常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词: tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss
4、, learn, explain tell sb what to do,3. 作表语,A.表示按计划和安排将要发生的事情。 He is to marry Rose. B.表示主语的内容，但侧重于目的性。 Her wish was to become an artist. C. 表示情态意义(应该, 必须)。 The form is to be filled in and returned within a week. She is to blame.,4.不定式作定语,A.一般表示将发生的情况，放在名词后。 Charles Lindbergh is the first man to fly t
5、he Atlantic alone.(主谓关系) She has a good chance to go to college. (同位关系) He has got lots of questions to ask. (动宾关系),注意:1.如不定式与它所修饰的词有动宾关系,而这个不定式又是不及物动词, 它后面应有必要的介词。 There is nothing to worry about. 2.不定式所修饰的名词是不定式的动作所发生的地点或所使用的工具时, 它后面要带上必要的介词。 I need a pen to write with. He is looking for a room to
6、 live in.,5.不定式作宾语补足语,跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词 A. let, have, make, get等表使役的动词 They made us go with them. 注意: Let/ have/make sb. do ; get sb. to do They got us to go with them.,B. ask, tell, request, order等表要求,命令的动词 The chairman requested the members to be silent.,C. allow, permit, forbid等表许可或禁止的动词 The guard fo
7、rbade me to enter. D. wish, want, expect, intend等表希望的动词(hope无此用法) Many parents expect their children to study abroad.,E. see、watch、notice、hear、listen to、observe、feel等表感官的动词 I noticed tears come into his eyes. We often hear her sing the song at home. 注: 感官动词后的不定式均不带to,F. 其他动词 advise, help, persuade,
8、encourage, warn, cause, force, remind Please remind me to take the raincoat.,6. 不定式作状语,1)不定式作目的状语 Tim sat near the fire to get warm. The athletes practised hard to win the match.强调作目的状语的不定式, 常用in order (not) to，so as (not) to短语.前者可放在句首,也可放在句中;后者只能放在句中。,2).不定式作结果状语 作结果状语的不定式常用于一些固定搭配中。如:too to, enoug
9、h to，sufficient to，only to，never to，so + 形容词/副词 + as to, such + 名词+ as to do引导。 Would you be so kind as to step this way, please? I tried the door, only to find it locked inside.,Practice,1 (09江苏,26）Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers,
10、almost three times the number hired last year, _ reduce unemployment pressures. A. help B. helped C. to help D. having helped,C,高考点击,2 (09全国)The children all turned _ the famous actress as she entered the classroom. A. looked atB. to look at C. to looking atD. look at,B,3 (09山东，22) We are invited to
11、 a party _ in our club next Friday. A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding,A,4 (09辽宁，27) _, you need to give all you have and try your best. A. Being a winner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner 5. (09安徽，28) The play _ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.
12、 A. produced B. being produced C.tobeproduced D.havingbeen produced,B,C,6.They would not allow him_ across the enemy line. A. to risk going B.risking to go C. for risk to go D.risk going,A,ask,tell,invite,force,get, beg,allow,help,wish want,like,hate,prefer, expect,encourage,advise, persuade,instruc
13、t, permit,request,order,warn. cause,urge等等 动词后可接不定式作宾补。,7.Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made_by his little sister. A.cry,to cry B.crying,crying C.cry,cry D.to cry,cry,8.As youve never been there before,Ill have someone_you the way. A.to show B.show C.showing D.showed,B,使
14、役动词 make,let只接不带to的不定式作宾补。,A,Let me do it for you.,I had my TV set repaired yesterday. Dont have him waiting in the rain for so long.,9.-Good morning.Can I help you? -Id like to have this package_,madam. A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed,10.Its very cold. Lets make a fire_ ourselves.
15、 A.warm B.to warm C.warming D.warmed,11.I have a suggestion_at the meeting. A.put forward B.putting forward C.to put forward D.to be put forward,D,B,C,have(有),make(“做”等非使役意义)时接带to的不定式作定语或目的状语,12.In Australia, he made a lot of friends_ a very practical knowledge of the English language. A.get B.to ge
16、t C.getting D.got 13.Im going to Shanghai next week.Have you anything_ to your parents? A.to buy B.to be bought C.to take D.to be taken,B,D,14.The missing boy was last seen_near the river. A.playing B.to be playing C.play D.to play,15.The boy who was caught_in the examination will be punished by the teacher. A.Cheat B.cheating. C.to cheat D.cheated,16.The stranger you s
