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1、新人教版英语八年级下册unit8重点讲解及练习题精品文档语法聚焦：现在完成时 (Present Perfect Tense)1) 现在完成时的定义：（1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。Its so dark. 太黑了。Someone has turned off the light. 有人把灯关上了。（2）表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。常与since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，so far等时间状语连用。I have lived here for ten years.我已经住在这里10年了。（从10年前开始，持续到现在还住这儿）I have l
2、ived here since 2003. 自从2003年我就住在这儿。（从2003年开始，持续到现在还住这儿）2) 现在完成时的构成及句式转换：助动词 have/has + 过去分词I have finished my homework. (肯定句)I have not finished my homework. （否定句）Have you finished your homework?Yes, I have. / No, I havent, （一般疑问句及肯定、否定回答）现在完成时的标志：常与just, already, yet, ever, never, before, so far 等
3、连用，强调动作的完成，不强调动作的持续。Have you ever been to Japan?I have just finished my homework.for + 时间段；since + 过去的时间点；since + 段时间 ago；since + 一般过去时的句子。They have known each other for five years.Since he was a child, he has lived in England.do _ _ go_ _read _ _ see _ _know_ _ eat _ _ forget _ _write_-_一、根据句意或汉语提示
4、写词。1. We often see people take out _ and shoot others in action movies.2. Li Ming went to Paris three years ago, now he can speak _ very well.3. I think dictionaries and Internet are good _(工具) for us to study English.4. Look, Tim is walking t_ the library. He wants to borrow some books.5. Would you
5、 like something e_ to eat? No, thanks. Im full.【课后巩固】一、用括号内所给单词适当形式填空 (每题4分,共20分)1. Judy has already _ (finish) reading Little Women.2. Tom and Mike have already _ (decide) to learn Chinese on Internet.3. Have you _ (read) Alice in Wonderland yet?4. Robinson _ (have) already built a house on the isl
6、and.5. It often _ (snow) in North China in winter.yet / already already 通常用于肯定句中，意为“已经”，位于行为动词之前，be动词、助动词之后。例如： We have already cleaned the classroom. 我们已经打扫了教室。yet用于疑问句中表示“已经”；用于否定句中表示“还（没）”。例如： Has he found his watch yet?No, not yet. 单项选择： Have you done most of your jobs? Not _. I will do them in
7、a minute. A.neither B.never C.already D.yet Steve, have you decided yet which book to write about for English class? 斯蒂夫，你已经决定英语课写哪本书了吗？which book to write about 意为“写哪一本书”，此处为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。I cant decide when to start. 我不能决定何时动身。I am thinking about how to deal with the problem. 我正在考虑怎样处理这个问题。拓
8、展 常用于此结构的疑问词还包括疑问代词who, whom, what 及疑问副词when, where 和 how。He taught me how to pronounce it. 他教我如何发音。I didnt decide where to live. 我没有决定住哪儿。Which dress do you like best, Madam?Sorry, I cant decide _ now. A. to buy which one B. buy which oneC. which one to buy D. which I should buy itIt was really goo
9、d, so I couldnt put it down. put down 意为“记下；放下”，为“动词+副词”型短语，宾语若为代词，应放在put 与 down 中间。_ your name on the paper and you can get a magazine.A. Cut down B. Look down C. Turn down D. Put downone the other, some the others 的辨析1. one the other 为固定搭配，用于两者之间，意为“一个另一个”。例如： He has two sons. One is a doctor, the
10、 other is a student.他有两个儿子。一个是医生，另一个是学生。2. some the others用于三者或三者以上，意为“一些其余的”。例如： Boys are on the playground. Some are playing basketball, the others are playing football. 男孩们都在操场上，一些正打篮球，其余的正在踢足球。）Lily and her sister look the same. I cant tell one from _.A. other B. another C. the other D. others词义
11、辨析: success 、succeed、 successful和 successfully的辨析success：名词，意为“成功”succeed：不及物动词，后常接in doing sth.。succeed in sth. “在某事上取得成功”； succeed in doing sth. “成功做某事”。successful: 形容词，意为“成功的”。successfully: 副词，意为“成功地”。 选词填空：succeeded, successful, successfully1. She _ in passing the exam. 她成功的通过了考试。2. The performa
12、nce was _. 演出很成功。3. I finished my training _. 我成功地完成了训练。2.语法聚焦： The number of records he has sold. 他已售出的唱片的数量the number of 意为“的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。The number of visitors to Hong Kong has now increased.现在去香港参观的人数已增加。试一试：辨析 the number of 与 a number of In our school library there _ a number of books on s
13、cience, and in these years the number of them _ growing larger and larger.A. are; is B. is; are C. have; are D. has; is belong to.属干，为所拥有belong to.为动词短语，意为属于，为所拥有。其中to是介词，后接名词或人称代词的宾格形式，但不能跟物主代词或所有格。 This ring belongs to my mother.这戒指是我妈妈的。 These books belong to me.这些书是属于我。注意belong to可以与物主代词或所有格进行句式
14、互换。This house belongs to us. = This house is ours这座房子是我们的。This CD belongs to It isnt A.Tom; Sam B.Tom; SamsC. Toms ； Sams D. Toms ； Sam一、根据汉语或首字母提示写词。（5分）1We Chinese should love our motherland（祖国）f_. 2While she was studying a_, she heard a song full of feelings about returning home.3Many songs these days are just about m_ life in the US, such as the importance of money and s_.4The poet（诗人）loves the b_ of the nature and t
