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1、w 计算机专业英语论文学校：北京电大怀柔分校专业：08春计算机信息管理学号：20087110130126姓名： 一、原文New technique of the computer networkAbstractThe 21 century is an ages of the information economy, being the computer network technique of representative techniques this ages, will be at very fast speed develop soon in continuously creative
2、ly, and will go deep into the peoples work, life and study. Therefore, control this technique and then seem to be more to deliver the importance. Now I mainly introduce the new technique of a few networks in actuality live of application.keywordsInternet Digital Certificates Digital Wallets Grid Sto
3、rage 1. ForewordInternet turns 36, still a work in progressThirty-six years after computer scientists at UCLA linked two bulky computers using a 15-foot gray cable, testing a new way for exchanging data over networks, what would ultimately become the Internet remains a work in progress. University r
4、esearchers are experimenting with ways to increase its capacity and speed. Programmers are trying to imbue Web pages with intelligence. And work is underway to re-engineer the network to reduce Spam (junk mail) and security troubles. All the while threats loom: Critics warn that commercial, legal an
5、d political pressures could hinder the types of innovations that made the Internet what it is today.Stephen Crocker and Vinton Cerf were among the graduate students who joined UCLA professor Len Klein rock in an engineering lab on Sept. 2, 1969, as bits of meaningless test data flowed silently betwe
6、en the two computers. By January, three other nodes joined the fledgling network. Then came e-mail a few years later, a core communications protocol called TCP/IP in the late 70s, the domain name system in the 80s and the World Wide Web - now the second most popular application behind e-mail - in 19
7、90. The Internet expanded beyond its initial military and educational domain into businesses and homes around the world. Today, Crocker continues work on the Internet, designing better tools for collaboration. And as security chairman for the Internets key oversight body, he is trying to defend the
8、core addressing system from outside threats.He acknowledges the Internet he helped build is far from finished, and changes are in store to meet growing demands for multimedia. Network providers now make only best efforts at delivering data packets, and Crocker said better guarantees are needed to pr
9、event the skips and stutters now common with video. Cerf, now at MCI Inc., said he wished he could have designed the Internet with security built-in. Microsoft Corp.Yahoo Inc. and America Online Inc., among others, are currently trying to retrofit the network so e-mail senders can be authenticated -
10、 a way to cut down on junk messages sent using spoofed addresses. Many features being developed today wouldnt have been possible at birth given the slower computing speeds and narrower Internet pipes, or bandwidth, Cerf said. 2.Digital Certificates Digital certificates are data files used to establi
11、sh the identity of people and electronic assets on the Internet. They allow for secure, encrypted online communication and are often used to protect online transactions. Digital certificates are issued by a trusted third party known as a certification authority (CA). The CA validates the identity of
12、 a certificate holder and “signs” the certificate to attest that it hasnt been forged or altered in any way. New Uses For Digital Certificates Digital certificates are now being used to provide security and validation for wireless connections, and hardware manufacturers are one of the latest groups
13、to use them. Not long ago, Version Inc. announced its Cable Modem Authentication Services, which allow hardware manufacturers to embed digital certificates into cable modems to help prevent the pirating of broadband services through device cloning. Using Version software, hardware makers can generat
14、e cryptographic keys and corresponding digital certificates those manufacturers or cable service providers can use to automatically identify individual modems. This ast-mileauthentication not only protects the value of existing content and services but also positions cable system operators to bring
15、a broad new range of content, applications and value-added services to market. When a CA digitally signs a certificate, its owner can use it as an electronic passport to prove his identity. It can be presented to Web sites, networks or individuals that require secure access. Identifying information
16、embedded in the certificate includes the holder s name and e-mail address, the name of the CA, a serial number and any activation or expiration data for the certificate. When the CA verifies a users identity, the certificate uses the holders public encryption key to protect this data. Certificates that a Web server uses to confirm the authenticity of a Web site for a users browser also
