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1、教学岗位练兵,2005-10-26,中考英语常考动词,上杭四中刘集凤,对于初中英语学习者来说，动词是最难学的一个实词类别。纵观历届中考命题，有关动词的内容占的比例相当大，它常常与时态、语态，语境交流等诸方面结合起来进行综合测试。通过研读中考试题，我们会发现常考的英语动词有以下一些：,一、“使/让”概念的动词,考题Becareful,Jane.Dont_yourhandsdirty.A.getB.keepC.haveD.let,分析选A。,归纳这类动词常见的有：have,let,make,get,keep,drive,send,leave,cause等，它们后边分别可跟不定式、分词、形容词、介词
2、短语、名词等作宾语补足语。,如：Ifeltsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingformesolong.对不起，让你久等了。,Thevictorysentourspiritsrising.胜利使得我们情绪高涨。,二、考查不定式作宾补，不定式符号省略或保留的动词,考题（1）、Sheaskedhim_herupatsixoclockinthemorning.A.wakeB.towakeC.wakingD.woken（2）、Lileiisoftenmade_alotofhomeworkathome.A.doB.doesC.todoD.doing,分析选B。ask后跟带to的不定式作宾补。
3、选C。make之后要求跟省略to的不定式作宾补。注意：变成被动语态时不定式符号to要补上。,归纳常见的带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask,tell,want,wouldlike,wish,like,teach等；省略to的不定式作宾补的动词有：see,watch,hear,feel,notice,listento,lookat等感官动词及表示使役概念的have,let,make等。这类动词在变为被动语态时，其后的不定式符号to需补上。,三、考查只跟不定式作宾语的动词,考题Theydecided_attheendofthismonth.A.toleaveB.goingbackC.travelD
4、.notstartout,分析选A。decide后跟带to的不定式作宾语。,归纳此类动词教材中常见有want,wish,hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan,offer,decide,ag-ree,expect等。,又如：Herefusedtotakeanymoney.他拒绝收取分文。,四、只接动名词作宾语的动词,考题Wouldyoumind_afewminutes?A.waitB.towaitC.waitedD.waiting,分析选D。mind后只能跟动名词，不跟不定式。,归纳此类动词教材中常见的有：appreciate,suggest,compl
5、ete,finish,enjoy,imagine,mind,miss,practice,keep,excuse,avoid,pardon,allow等。,如：Iappreciateherdevotingherselftothecauseofeducation.我非常钦佩她献身教育的精神。,又如：Doyoumindmyaskingaquestion?我问你一个问题你不会介意吧？,形式主动，意义被动的词常见的有：work,open,close,write,cut,look,teach,operate,run,keep,burn,last等，此类词的主语常为物，而且还常与表示表示特征、状况、行为、方
6、式的副词well,easily,long等连用。,如：Theclothingsellswell.,Thiskindoffruitcankeeplong.,五、考查既跟不定式又能跟动名词的动词,考题Remember_yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.tobringB.totakeC.bringingD.taking,分析选A。remember后既可跟不定式，又可跟动名词。跟不定式表示：“记住要干某事”，跟动名词表示“记得干过某事”。,归纳有些动词后既可跟不定式又可跟动名词，意义上无多大区别，常用的有：love,like,hate,prefer,start,intend,con
7、tinue等。,如：Iintendtofinish/finishingthetaskthismorning.,有些动词后既可跟不定式，又可跟动名词，但意义上有区别,常用的有forget,remember,mean,stop,try等。,如：Iforgottoclosethewindow.我忘记了要关窗户。,Iforgottoclosingthewindow.我忘记了已关了窗户。,六、行为动词充当系动词的词,考题“Wemustkeep_inthelibrary,”thewomansaidtome_.quiet;quietlyB.quietly;quietlyC.quietly:quietD.qu
8、iet;quiet,分析选A。keep是系动词，后跟形容词作表语，修饰动词said应用副词。,归纳这类动词不能单独构成动词词组，其后须带有表语（名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、V-ing、V-ed）构成表语结构。教材中常见的有：feel,sound,taste,look,smell,seem,appear,become,turn,grow,make,go,run,keep,stay等。,如：Itsoundedlikeatrainthatwasgoingundermyhome.听起来像有火车在我房子下面飞驰而过。,Keepfit,studyhardandworkwell.身体好，学习好，工
9、作好。,七、既可接现在分词又可接过去分词作宾语补足语的词,考题Whentheywalkedalongtheriver,theysuddenlyheardsomebody_forhelp.A.calledB.tocallC.callingD.calls,分析选C。“have+宾语+过去分词（宾补）”表示“叫某人干某事”。,归纳此类动词教材中有：get,keep,have,leave,find,see,notice,hear等。,如：Thecheatshadthelightsburningallnightlong.,YesterdayXiaoMinghadhishaircut,Ihardlyrec
10、ognizedhim.,八、考查构成固定短语的“短语动词”,考题Ifyoudontknowaword,youmust_thewordinadictionary.A.lookupB.lookdownC.lookdownD.lookout,分析选A。lookup在（字/词典里）查找；lookdown向下看；lookover仔细检查；lookout向外看。,归纳教材中此类动词数量较大。如：actas充当；believein相信；dealwith处理；leadto导致；referto提到；sendfor派人前往；dieout灭绝；setoff出发；warmup暖和起来；makefunof取笑；makefriendswith与交朋友；getalongwith与相处；lookforwardto期望；doawaywith废除等。,又如：Wemustlookintothematterimmediately.我们必须马上调查此事。,Theoldshouldlearnfromtheyoungandkeepupwiththetimes.老年人应向青年人学习，跟上时代发展的步伐。,
