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1、,HappyNewYear“兔”You！,MembersoftheSentence,主语：Subject谓语：Predicate表语：Predicative宾语：Object宾补：ObjectComplement定语：Attributive同位语：Appositive状语：Adverbial,简单回顾：,小试牛刀eg.Mr.Blackandhischildrentalkedandlaughed.(主语)eg.Therapiddevelopmentoftourismhascreatedmanyjobopportunities.(定语，宾语)eg.Allofthefoodlooks,smellsa
2、ndtasteswonderful.(系动词，表语)eg.Isawthemwalkingacrosstheroad.(宾语补足语)eg.Iliketalkingonthephone.(谓语，方式状语),简单句,复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体，从句只用作句子的一个成分，不能单独成句。但它也有主语和谓语，一般由连接词引导。,复合句：,EnglishComplexSentences,AdverbialClauses(状语从句）AttributiveClauses（形容词性/定语从句）NounClauses（名词性从句）,复合句分类：,NounClauses,Subjec
3、t（主语）Object（宾语）Predicative（表语）Appositive（同位语）,Clause（从句）,名词性从句分类：,定义:,在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句。,作用:,在复合句中作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。,所以，名词性从句又可分为宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句和同位语从句。,名词性从句,ThatswhatpeoplecalltheundergroundinLondon.2.WhenShenzhouVletoutitsparachute,Ifelttheshipwasshaking.3.ThisishowIgotinvolvedwithmycharityworktoimprov
4、ethequalityoflifeforalldisabledpeople.4.TherearemanystoriesabouthowtheLanternFestivalstarted.5.ItsclearthatwearegoingtoseeahugegrowthinshoppingontheInternet.,课本寻例,6.Peopletowhomthedeadpersonwasrelatedwouldmaketheseofferingsonspecialdaysandduringfestivals.7.WhatIremembermostismovingalot.8.ThatswhyMam
5、aandPapalookedforahouseontheothersideoftown.9.Ihavenoideawhentheywillbebackandsettledown.10.Althoughtheconcerthallwascoldandthesoundsystemcausedafewproblems,theaudiencecouldstillenjoytheconcert.,1.ItsclearthatwearegoingtoseeahugegrowthinshoppingontheInternet.2.WhatIremembermostismovingalot.(主语从句）3.T
6、hatswhatpeoplecalltheundergroundinLondon.4.ThisishowIgotinvolvedwithmycharityworktoimprovethequalityoflifeforalldisabledpeople.5.ThatswhyMamaandPapalookedforahouseontheothersideoftown.（表语从句）,名从分类,6.TherearemanystoriesabouthowtheLanternFestivalstarted.（宾语从句）7.Ihavenoideawhentheywillbebackandsettledow
7、n.（同位语从句）,1.YouknowthatIamateacherofEnglish.2.ThatIamateacherofEnglishisknowntoyouall.3.ItisknowntoyouallthatIamateacherofEnglish.4.ThefactthatIamateacherofEnglishisknowntoyouall.5.Iamworriedaboutwhetheryoucandowellintheexam.6.WhatIamworriedaboutiswhetheryoucandowellintheexam.,thatIamateacherofEngli
8、sh,ThatIamateacherofEnglish,thatIamateacherofEnglish,whetheryoucandowellintheexam.,ObjectClause,SubjectClause,SubjectClause,PredicativeClause,AppositiveClause,thatIamateacherofEnglish,whetheryoucandowellintheexam.,ObjectClause,SmallQuiz:,SubjectClause,WhatIamworriedabout,SubjectClauses主语从句,简单地说，主语从句
9、就是句子的主语是由句子来充当的。eg.Theanswerisright.“那个答案”是这句话的主语，而当把“那个答案”换成一句话时，这句话就可以称为“主语从句”。所以来看这句话：eg.Whatyousaidisright.那么whatyousaid明显是一个句子，现在来充当主语，所以这句话就被称为了“主语从句”。,1.主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分,Examples:1)Thathewillsucceediscertain.2)Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.（是否）Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.
10、,重难考点,连接词“三姐妹”语序问题很注意thatwhat要分清如何后置it帮忙,ConjunctionsofSubjectClauses:,what,whatever,who,whoever,whom(ever),whose,which(ever),that,whether,when,where,how,why,（状语）,连接词“三姐妹”1引导主语从句的连接词有三类：(1)连词that、whether：Whetherhellcomehereisntclear.Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.WhetherIcanpassthedrivingtestremainsunkn
11、own.连词that和whether在主语从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，that无词意，而whether意为“是否”。,Whatshedidisnotyetknown.Whowillwritethepoemhasnotbeendecidedyet.Whateverhedidisright.Whatcausedtheaccidentremainsunknown.,(2)连接代词who(谁，主格),whom(谁，宾格),whose(谁的，定语),what(什么，主宾语),which(哪个),whoever,whatever,whichever等,3)连接副词where(在哪里),when(什么
12、时候),how(怎样，怎么，多么),why(为什么)等。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.,Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Howthepyramidswerebuiltisstillamystery.,2.主语从句后置!为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.例:1.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.-Itscertainthatweshallbelate.2.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.-3.Thatyoumissed
13、thechanceisapity.-,Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.,Itsknowntoallthattheearthisround.,A.It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句。如：Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.ItisnecessarythatallofusshouldstudyEnglishwell.B.It+be+名词词组(now
14、onder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句。如：Itsapitythatwecantgo.,用it作形式主语的结构,C.It+be+过去分词+that从句(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句。如：ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.Itisorderedthatthepatientshouldbeoperatedonimmediately.,D.It+seem,happen等不及
15、物动词及短语+that从句:似乎,碰巧。如：IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.,E.It+doesntmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：Itdoesntmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.C.It+be+过去分词+that从句D.It+seem,happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句:似乎,碰巧。E.It+doesntmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句,此三类结构中主语从句不可提前：,Whatyouleftareon
16、lyseveraloldbooks.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.,1.“if”不能引导主语从句，应有“whether”引导。,3.主语从句的“that”一般不能省。,4.“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：1）常与其后的名词作表语一致2）根据句子的语境而定。,3.主语从句需注意的问题,2.主语从句中用陈述语序,4.What与that的用法区别,what在主语从句中作主语、宾语、表语,而that则不作句子成分，仅仅起连接作用.,Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.Thatsheisstillaliveisgoodnews.,1.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisntdecided.,2.Youhavemadeamistakeisafact.,3.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.,4.Nomatterwholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.,5.Ifthepolicemenwillcomeisnot
