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1、新余市2014高考英语阅读理解、完形填空专题训练（8）附答案阅读理解-AWords：452难度系数：建议用时：7分钟A man living absolutely alone in a desert or forest is free from other people，but he is not absolutely free.His freedom is limited in several ways.Firstly，by the things around him，such as wild animals or cliffs.Secondly，by his own needs: he m
2、ust have sleep，water，food and shelter from extreme heat or cold.Lastly，by his own nature as a man: disease may attack him，and death will certainly come to him sooner or later.On the other hand，when men become organized into very large groups and civilization develops，it is possible to get freedom fr
3、om hunger，thirst，cold，heat，and many diseases，so that each person can live a happier life than he could if he were living alone；but such a society cannot work successfully unless the freedom of each human being is to some extent limited so that he is kept from hurting others.I am not free to kill oth
4、ers，nor to steal someone elses property，nor to act in a way that does wrong against the moral sense of the society in which we live.I have to limit my own freedom myself so that others will not limit it too much.I agree to respect the rights of others，and in return they agree to respect mine. The ad
5、vantages of such an agreement are great.One can become a doctor knowing that others will grow food，make clothes and build a house for him，in return for the work he does to keep them healthy.If each man had to grow his own food，make his own clothes，build his own house and learn to be his own doctor，h
6、e would find it impossible to do any one of these jobs really well.By working together，we make it possible for society to provide us all with food，clothes，shelter and medical care，while leaving each of us with as much freedom as it can.【解题导语】世界上没有绝对与世隔绝的人。一个人不可能将所有的事情都做好，也不可能成为全才。在现实生活中，人们应该相互帮助，做到“
7、我为人人，人人为我”。1A man living alone in a desert or forest _.Ais absolutely free Bfeels happyChas limited freedom Denjoys no freedom解析：选C。细节理解题。由第一段“His freedom is limited in several ways.”可以知道，C项正确。2According to the writer，he limits his freedom because _.Ahunger，thirst and disease limit himBothers wont l
8、imit theirsCthe moral sense of the society limits himDothers will respect him解析：选C。细节判断题。由第二段的最后三句话可以得出答案。3The author suggests that when men live together _.Athey feel safer and easier Bthey are not freeCthey must build shelters Dthey can get protection解析：选A。推理判断题。由文章最后一段的“By working together，we mak
9、e it possible for society to provide us all with food，clothes，shelter and medical care，while leaving each of us with as much freedom as it can.”可知，答案为A。4This text is written mainly to show that _.Aone can have all his freedom by living on his ownBone has limited freedom just because of his own natur
10、eCone must fight for his freedom if hes free from other peopleDone will have much freedom by working together with others解析：选D。作者意图题。综合全文，可以得出作者的写作意图是让大家相互帮助。A、B、C三项均与原文不符。*结束It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial wor
11、ld, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界）outweigh any finan
12、cial considerations.Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions .Some
13、 areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lees is one of them.The influence of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambri
14、dge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scienti
15、sts with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换）to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate(谈判)contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experiencein manufacturing practice or product development. Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic care
