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1、Period 3GrammarTeaching aims1Students will be able to recognize the infinitives and know the exact meanings of them.2Students will be able to use these structures correctly.Teaching proceduresStep 1RevisionAsk several students to retell Martys story.Show Martys mini biography on the PowerPoint.My mi
2、ni biographyNameMarty FieldingStatusHigh school studentHealthDeveloped a muscle disease at the age of 10，very weak，cannot do things like normal peopleInterests and HobbiesEnjoying writing and computer programmingGoing to the movies and football matches with friendsSpending a lot of time with my pets
3、two rabbits，a parrot，a tank full of fish and a tortoiseAmbitionTo work for a firm that develops computer softwareMottoLive one day at a timeStep 2Discovering useful structures1基本概念不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，而且不能单独用作谓语，但仍旧有动词的特点，即可有自己的宾语和状语，构成不定式短语，使用频率较高。是一个考试经常考查的语法点。2基本形式主动形式被动形式一般式to doto be done完成
4、式to have doneto have been done进行式to be doing/完成进行式to have been doing/否定形式not to donot to be done疑问词不定式wh to dowh to be done复合结构sb.to do/for sb.to do/3.句法功能不定式具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补足语，还可以有自己的逻辑主语，即for sb.to do sth.。It is good to_help_others.(subject)It is my ambition to_make_sure_that
5、_the_disabled_people_in_our_neighbourhood_have_access_to_all_public_buildings.(subject)My ambition is_to_work_in the computer industry when I grow up.(predicative)I dont have time to_sit_around feeling sorry for myself.(attributive)I am the only student in my class to_have_a_pet_snake.(attributive)A
6、 big company has decided to_buy_it_from_me.(object)My fellow students have begun to_accept_me_for_who_I_am.(object)I have had to work hard_to_live_a_normal_life.(adverbial)Some days I am too tired to_get_out_of_bed.(adverbial)We must call on local government_to_give_financial_assistance_to_disabled_
7、people. (object complement)4不定式的时态与语态根据需要，不定式可以有一般式(to do)，完成式(to have done)，完成进行式(to have been doing)，进行式(to be doing)等时态形式以及被动形式to be done和to have been done。He didnt allow us to go home early.他不允许我们早回家。He seemed to have seen the film.他好像看过这部电影。She is said to have been living in the city for six ye
8、ars.据说她住在该城市六年了。The boy pretended to be reading when his mother came in.当他母亲进来的时候，小男孩假装在读书。He is said to have studied abroad a few years ago.据说他几年前在国外学习过。The book is said to have been translated into many languages.据说此书已被译成了多种语言。1The following verbs are usually followed by the infinitive.afford，agre
9、e，appear，arrange，ask，attempt，care，choose，claim，come，consent，dare，decide，demand，deserve，determine，elect，endeavor，expect，fail，get，guarantee，hate，help，hesitate，hope，hurry，intend，learn，long，manage，mean，need，offer，plan，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse，say，seem，tend，threaten，want，wishFor example：I cant affo
10、rd to_go to the pub.He agreed to_practice_more.You should learn to_express_yourself.They managed_to_fix_the_problem.2Explanation of the gerund and the infinitiveSome words can be followed by either the infinitive or the ing form.Please pay attention when there is no difference in meaning and when th
11、ere is difference.(1)The gerund and the infinitive (no difference in meaning)We use the gerund or the infinitive after the following verbs：beginHe began talking. He began to talk.continueThey continue smoking.They continue to smoke.hateDo you hate working on Saturdays？Do you hate to work on Saturday
12、s？likeI like swimming.I like to swim.loveShe loves painting. She loves to paint.preferPat prefers walking home.Pat prefers to walk home.startThey start singing.They start to sing.We use the gerund or the infinitive after the following verbs.There are two possible structures after these verbs.Gerund：
13、verbing Infinitive：verbpersontoinfinitiveadviseThey advise walking_to town.They advise us_to_walk to town.allowThey do not allow smoking here.They do not allow_us_to_smoke_here.encourageThey encourage_doing_the test.They encourage us_to_do_the test.permitThey do not permit smoking here.They do not p
14、ermit us_to_smoke here.We use the following structures after the word recommend：recommendThey recommend walking_to town.They recommend that_we_(should)_walk_to_town.(2)Some verbs or verb phrases have different meanings when used with the gerund or the infinitive.GERUNDINFINITIVEforgetHell never forg
15、et spending_so much money on his first computer. 他永远不会忘记在第一台电脑上花费了这么多钱。Dont forget to_spend money on the tickets. 不要忘记用钱去买票。go onGo on reading the text.继续读这篇文章。(继续做同一件事)Go on to_read_the text.继续读这篇文章。(继续做另一件事)meanYou have forgotten your homework again.That means phoning_your mother.你又忘记做家庭作业了，这意味着我要打电话给你妈妈。I meant to_phone your mother，but my mobile didnt work.我本打算打电话给你妈妈，但是我的手机坏了。rememberI remember switching_off the lights when I went on holiday.我记
