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1、.,2016年招教考试英语语法复习,名 词,.,1、名词的单、复数; 2、可数与不可数名词的转换； 3、名词作定语； 4、名词的搭配; 5、词语辨析；,考点分析,.,名词的单复数,.,问题1： - How many does a cow have? - Four. Astomaches Bstomach Cstomachs Dstomachies,以 s, sh, ch, x等结尾的名词变复数时加 es；但如果以 ch 结尾的名词发音为 k时，只加 s。 另外，以辅音字母 +y 结尾的名词变复数时，需将 y 变成 i，再加 -es；以元音字母 +y 结尾的则直接加 -s。以辅音字母加 y 结尾
2、的专有名词变复数时，也直接加 -s。,.,问题2： The _ of the building are covered with lots of _. Aroofs; leaves Brooves; leafs Croof; leaf Droofs; leafs,以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a. 加 s，如serf（奴隶）- serfs belief-beliefs roof-roofs chief（首领）- chiefs safe-safes gulf（海湾）-gulfs； b. 去 f, fe 加 ves，如：half-halves knife-knives leaf-leav
3、es wolf-wolves wife-wives life-lives thief-thieves； c. 均可, 如：handkerchief -handkerchiefs /handkerchieves,.,问题3： When the farmer returned home he found three _ missing. Asheeps Bsheepes Csheep Dsheepies,当sheep; deer; fish表示数量时，单复数同形；如果表示不同种类，则需加 s 或 es。 单复数同形的名词有： deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese, wo
4、rks, means,.,问题4： Some _ visited our school last Wednesday. AGerman BGermen CGermans DGermens,国家人的名词需要记住三种情况： 1、单复数同形：Chinese; Japanese; Swiss 2、需要变形：English - Englishman 3、加 s 或 -es：German Germans 详见下表。,.,1.6 不同国家的人的单复数 名称 总称(谓语用复数） 一个人 两个人 中国人 the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese 瑞士人 the Swiss a Swis
5、s two Swiss 澳大利亚人the Australians an Australian two Australians 俄国人 the Russians a Russian two Russians 意大利人 the Italians an Italian two Italians 希腊人 the Greek a Greek two Greeks 法国人 the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen 日本人 the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese 美国人 the Americans an American two Americ
6、ans 印度人 the Indians an Indian two Indians 加拿大人 the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians 德国人 the Germans a Germans two Germans 英国人 the English an Englishman two Englishmen 瑞典人 the Swedish a Swede two Swedes,.,问题5： _ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas. A. The Evens B. The Even
7、s C. The Evenses D. The Evenses,姓氏名词的复数与定冠词连用，常用来表示“一家人”或一家之中的两个或几个重要的人。如： - Who did you spend last weekend with? - _. A Palmers B The Palmers C The Palmers D The Palmers,.,问题6： Mr Smith has two _, both of whom are teachers in a school. Abrothers-in-law Bbrother-in-laws Cbrothers-in-laws Dbrothers-i
8、n law,以连字符号连接的合成名词一般将中心名词变成复数，如：managers-in-chief; fathers-in-law。如果没有中心名词就在该合成词的最后加 s。如：grown-ups。,.,名词的可数与不可数,.,问题1： He gained his _ by printing _ of famous writers. A. wealth; work B. wealths; works C. wealths; work D. wealth; works,抽象名词一般为不可数名词。本题中 wealth 为不可数名词，works 作“作品”解，属单复数同形的可数名词。,.,问题2：
9、Can you give us some _ about the writer? Ainformations Binformation Cpiece of informations Dpieces information,大多数不可数名词都不可能转化为可数名词，常见的有：information; news; advice; progress; fun 如： This is not a match. Were playing chess for _. A habit B hobby C fun D game,.,问题3： Many people agree that _of English is
10、 a must in international trade today. (NMET96) A. a knowledge B. knowledges C. knowledge D. the knowledge,有些抽象名词和物质名词也可转化为可数名词，用来表示某种特定的意义。a knowledge of 表示“对有所了解“。又如： This meeting is a great success. 请看下面的可数与不可数名词的转化：,.,a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时。 Cake is a kind of food. 蛋糕是一种食物。 (U) These cakes are sweet. 这
11、些蛋糕很好吃。 (C) b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，名词可数。 This factory produces steel. (U) We need various steels. (C) c. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。 Our country is famous for tea. Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。 d. 抽象名词有时也可数（抽象名词具体化）。 a success 一个成功的人或一件成功的事 a surprise 一件令人吃惊的事,.,名词作定语,.,问题1 The _ is just around the corner and you wont mis
12、s it. (01北京春季) A. bicycles shop B. bicycle shop C. bicycles shop D. bicycles shop,名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。 如：sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系 2) 有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。 如：goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产 customs papers 海关文件 clot
13、hes brush衣刷,.,问题2 It took us quite a long time to get here. It was _ journey. （05北京春季） A. three-hour B. a three hour C. a three-hour D. three hours,“数词+名词”构成的合成词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。 如： a ten-mile walk； a five-year plan 但是如果不用连字符，就需用复数的所有格。 The village is far away from here indeed. Its _ walk. （04上海春季）
14、 A. a four hour B. a four hours C. a four-hours D. a four hours,.,问题3： There are only twelve _ in the hospital. Awoman doctors Bwomen doctors Cwomen doctor Dwoman doctor,man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。 如：a man worker two men workers a woman teacher two women teachers,.,名词的搭配,.,问题1 Weve
15、 missed the last bus. Im afraid we have no _ but to take a taxi. A. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection,可以将“ have no choice but to do ”视为一个结构，现在考查这类搭配的题有很多，如： I am sure David will be able to find the library he has a pretty good _ of direction. Aidea Bfeeling Cexperience Dsense 类似的题还有：,.,1. Heres my card. Lets keep in _. (N 1994) (A) A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship 2. You can take as many as you like because t
