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1、知识要点：一形容词、副词的概念形容词：我们把用来修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。形容词主要描述人或者事物的性质、特征和状态。副词：说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、等含义的词，我们称之为副词。多用来修饰动词或整个句子。二形容词、副词的用法1.形容词一般在句中作定语，放在名词或代词前面，都含有“的”意思。如：a nice watch 一只漂亮的手表 an empty box 一个空箱子a clever boy 一个聪明的男孩 a beautiful girl 一个美丽的女孩delicious food 可口的食物 an interesting book 一本有趣的书a blue car 一辆蓝
2、色的小汽车 an exciting speech 一次令人兴奋的演讲注意：形容词在修饰 someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing 等不定代词时，需要置于其后。如：something important (重要的事情) nothing interesting (没有什么有趣的)2.形容词作表语（有些形容词只能作表语，放在系动词之后）These flowers are blue. 这些花是蓝色的。Bob looks smart today. 今天鲍勃看上去很精神。有些形容词只能作表语，放在系动词
3、之后, 如：asleep / alike / ill 等The boy is asleep.Lucy and Lily look alike.Her mother is ill.3.形容词做宾语补足语，放在宾语之后(常用动词有 make / paint / keep / find / want / like 等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词做宾语补足语，补充说明 宾语的状态、特征等。We must keep our classroom clean.Do you like your tea weak or strong?The boy was beaten black and blue.4.形
4、容词与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、距离”的词连用时，常放在后面。Tom is 1.7 meters tall.My father is 30 years old.The school is 100 meters away.5.副词多用来修饰动词，可以放在句子的前面、中间、或最后。1 时间soon / now / only /finally / onceearly / late / before / after 5 频度always / often / never / seldom2 地点here / nearby / outside / above6 疑问how / where / when /
5、 why3 方式Badly / quietly / fast / slowly7 连接how / when / where / why / whether4 程度nearly / very / quite / rather8 关系when / where / whyThey live happily. (happily 快乐地，幸福地，修饰动词 live)They are listening to the teacher carefully. (carefully 认真地，修饰动词 listen)Dont speak loudly in class. (loudly 大声地，修饰动词 spea
6、k) 注意：联系动词不用副词修饰，直接加形容词作表语。联系动词有 feel / smell / ge t / become / turn / sound / look 等）Her face became pale. 他的脸色变得苍白。The fish smells terrible . 这条鱼难闻极了。The food tastes delicious. 这食物尝起来很可口。This cloth feels soft. 这批布让人感觉很柔软。6.部分形容词加-ly 可以变成副词。如：形容词 副词quick+ly quicklyslow+ly slowlyquiet+ly quietlyhapp
7、y+ly happilycareful+ly carefully注意：并不是以 ly 结尾的单词都是副词，名词+ly 可变成形容词。如：名词 形容词friend + ly friendly 朋友般的love + ly lovely 可爱的sister + ly sisterly 姐妹般的brother +ly brotherly 兄弟般的father + ly fatherly 父亲般的mother + ly motherly 母亲般的有些名词+y 可以变成形容词。如：名词 形容词rain + y rainy 下雨的snow + y snowy 下雪的cloud + y cloudy 阴天的s
8、alt + y salty 咸的sand + y sandy 有沙的fog + y foggy 雾的wind + y windy 有风的三形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则大多数形容词、副词都有等级的变化，表示“比更”或“最”。形容词用来表示物的等级差别一般有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。如：tall-taller-tallest ; little-less-least ; fast-faster-fastest1. 一般情况下，直接在原词后加-er， 或加-est如：quick-quicker-quickest slow-slower-slowestclever-cleverer-cle
9、verest high-higher-highestlow-lower-lowest fast-faster-fastest2.以不发音的 e 结尾的单音节词，比较级在原词后加-r，最高级在原词后加-st如：nice-nicer-nicest large-larger-largestwhite-whiter-whitest safe-safer-safest3.以辅音字母加 y 结尾的双音节词，变 y 为 i, 再加-er 或-est.如：heavy-heavier-heaviest easy-easier-easiestearly-earlier-ealiest happy-happier-
10、happiest4.重读闭音节结尾的形容词或副词，要双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er 或-est如：fat-fatter-fattest red-redder-reddestthin-thinner-thinnest wet-wetter-wettestbig-bigger-biggest hot-hotter-hottest5.部分双音节或多音节词要在原词前面加 more 或 most.如：beautiful-more beautiful-most beautifuluseful-more useful-most usefuldelicious-more delicious-most deli
11、ciousdefferent-more different-most differentdifficult-more difficult-most difficultcarefully-more carefully-most carefully不规则变化：good/well-better-best bad-worse-worstmany/much-more-most little-less-leastfar-farther-farthest (指距离的远近)far-further-furthest （表示程度上更进步)old-older-oldest (表示年纪大)old-elder-elde
12、st (表示长幼关系)四形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1. 形容词、副词的比较级经常用于两个同类的人或事物的比较，比较对象用 than 来连接。基本结构是：“主语+谓语（系动词+ 形容词/副词比较级 +than+对比成分Your jacket is longer than mine.She is cleverer than the other girls in the class.The room is smaller than the earth.The box is heavier than that one.This story is more interesting than th
13、at one.The weather in our hometown is warmer than that in Beijing.注意：much / rather / far / a bit / a little / even 这些词常用来修饰比较级。如He is much taller than Peter.Lily is a little thinner than Lucy.My mother is far nicer than my aunt.2.形容词或副词的最高级用于三者三者以上的人或物的比较，表示人或事物在某个范围内“最”形容词最高级前要用 the，副词最高级前面的 the 可以省去。如： He runs (the) fastest in his class. 他在班上跑的最快。Yao Ming is the tallest in Chinese basketball team. 姚明在中国篮球队里最高。注意：asas 表示同级比较，两个 as 中间用原级Lily is as tall as Lucy.Lesson One is as i
