《文体学与修辞学[文档整理]》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《文体学与修辞学[文档整理]（5页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Significance of Studies of Stylistics and Rhetoric Stylistics is a scientific study of style. The word style used in the definition refers to a distinctive or characteristic manner of expression in language. By identifying and analysing both the effects and processes in employing the devices in lang
2、uages such as rhetorical figures as Active Rhetorical Means and syntactical patterns, as Passive Rhetorical Means. Stylistics also attempts to establish principles capable of explaining the particular choices made by individuals and social groups in their use of language, such as socialisation, the
3、production and reception of meaning, critical discourse analysis and literary criticism. Other features of stylistics include the use of dialogue, including regional accents and people s dialects, descriptive language, the use of grammar, such as the active voice or passive voice, the distribution o
4、f sentence lengths, the use of particular language registers, etc. In addition, stylistics is a distinctive term that may be used to determine the connections between the form and effects within a particular variety of language. Therefore, stylistics looks at what is going on within the language; wh
5、at the linguistic associations are that the style of language reveals. Rhetoric is the art practice or science the study of communication in words; it means literally the art of oratory, for in the former times, communication was carried on through speaking. Later it is generally believed that the p
6、rinciples and rules of composition should be encapsulated in the art of oratory, because the artistic use of language derives from well-composed scripts. Contemporary studies of rhetoric address a more diverse range of domains than was the case in ancient times. While classical rhetoric trained spea
7、kers to be effective persuaders in public forums and institutions like courtrooms and assemblies, contemporary rhetoric investigates human discourse writ large. Rhetoricians have studied the discourses of a wide variety of domains, including the natural and social sciences, fine art, religion, journ
8、alism, digital media, fiction, history, cartography, and architecture, along with the more traditional domains of politics and the law. Public relations, lobbying, law, marketing, professional and technical writing, and advertising are modern professions that employ rhetorical practitioners. 1.1Grea
9、t Help in Expression and Understanding of Languages On one side of communication, encoding or expressing one s ideas, different people sharing the same geographical surroundings and social/cultural background might have different accentual, lexical and syntactic preferences; the same types or genres
10、 of discourses spoken by the similar group of writers/speakers might assume different prosodic features or tones to their favorite, not to mention different groups of writers/speakers possibly employing different manners in expressing similar notions. One of the most important considerations for wri
11、ters/speaker to worry about is whether the desired meaning is being conveyed effectively in their own style. On the other side of communication, decoding or understanding the texts or discourses conveyed, listeners/readers have sought every possible clue or hint to comprehend or perceive the texts o
12、r discourses. Irony, for example, is a figure of speech, a kind of active means to express one s meaning intended opposite to the literal sense. There are various kinds of figures of speech, many different make oneself understood. Those means and devices are the subject matte of stylistics and rheto
13、ric, any of which could be analyzed in meaning retrieval and comprehension of texts, let alone facial expressions in visual conversations and typographic or semiotic symbols employed in written texts and discourses. 1.2Great Help in Employing Achievements in Literary Criticism and Linguistics Stylis
14、tics knowledge helps readers and critics to read out of meaning from texts. Armed with notions and methodological approaches to any piece of text, readers and critics has ceased to opinionatedly assume the alleged meaning into it, for theories of literary criticism, concerning the literary works, ha
15、ve come to play a central role in the academic study of the humanities and social sciences. Jacques Derrida s Deconstructionism, for example, makes inquiries into authorized structural approach initiated by F. de Saussure by inventing the term difference and thus make people realize the conventional
16、 oppositions are, to a great extent, yet to be thoroughly argued before being taken for granted, and foreword its influence onto philosophical reasoning in feminism and power politics. It is universally accepted that linguistics, as has been discussed above in Register or Varieties, has furnished readers and critics alike with thorough knowledge of discourse analysis. Stylistics, exploiting the methods used in phonetics, phonolo
