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1、Hello everybody!,My name is Wan Qiubin (万秋滨） English name: Grace,翻译入门 第五讲,转类法,一 形合与意和,二 动态与静态,英汉对比研究,Vanity Fair,As the manager of the Performance sits before the curtain on the boards, and looks into the fair, a feeling of profound melancholy comes over him in his survey of the bustling place. Ther
2、e is a great quantity of eating and drinking, making love and jilting, laughing and the contrary, smoking, cheating, fighting, dancing, and fiddling:,there are bullies pushing about, bucks ogling the women, knaves picking pockets, policemen on the look-out, quacks (other quacks, plague take them!) b
3、awling in front of their booths, and yokels looking up at the tinselled dancers and old rouged tumblers, while the light-fingered folk are operating Upon their pockets behind. Yes, this is Vanity Fair; not a moral certainly; nor a merry one, though very noisy.,As the manager of the performance sits
4、before the curtain on the boards, and looks into the fair, a feeling of profound melancholy comes over him in his survey of the bustling place.,领班的坐在戏台上幔子前面，对着底下闹哄哄的市场， 瞧了半晌，心理不觉悲惨起来。,市场上的人有的在吃喝，有的在调情，有的得了 新宠就丢了就爱；有在笑的，也有在哭的 ，还 有在抽烟的，打架的，跳舞的，拉琴的，诓骗哄 人的。,There is a great quantity of eating and drinki
5、ng, making love and jilting, laughing and the contrary smoking, cheating, fighting, dancing, and fiddling。,there are bullies pushing about, bucks ogling the women, knaves picking pockets, policemen on the look-out, quacks (other quacks, plague take them!) bawling in front of their booths, and yokels
6、 looking up at the tinselled dancers and old rouged tumblers, while the light-fingered folk are operating upon their pockets behind. 有些是到处横行的强梁汉子；有些是对女人飞眼的花花公子，也有扒手和到处巡逻的警察，还有走江湖吃四方的，在自己摊子前面扯起嗓子嚷嚷（这些人偏和我同行真该死！）跳舞的穿着浑身发亮的衣服，可怜的翻筋斗老头涂着两腮帮子胭脂，引得那些乡下佬睁着眼瞧，不 提防后面就有三只手的家伙在掏他们的口袋。,Yes, this is Vanity Fair;
7、 not a moral certainly; nor a merry one, though very noisy. 是了，这就是我们的名利场。这里虽然是个热闹去处，却是道德沦亡， 说不上有什么快乐。,转类法,传统的中国思维方式形象性强， 而英美人的思维方式是抽象的。,2.1 Concrete Thinking vs. Abstract Thinking,Concrete thinking: called image thinking, is a psychological process in which human beings analyze, synthesize, and rema
8、rk memory presentations in brain so as to form new ones.,Abstract thinking: called logical thinking, is to do judgment and make inferences by using concepts. It is required to conform to logical laws.,Chinese people English people real forms virtual concepts concrete images abstract contents,Form of
9、 Chinese Characters and English Words, sun sunlight _ waves The sun is rising from the sea and gives out sunlight., _,旦,daybreak: the time when the day breaks,Meaning of Chinese Characters and English Words,硬币（coin) - - -hard 纸币（money) - - -paper 高跟鞋（stilettos）, 灯笼袖（puffed sleeve）,Quantifiers in Eng
10、lish and Chinese,一面镜子（a mirror）Mirror is flat, “面” is always associated with something flat and smooth by Chinese people. 一朵花 （a flower） the original form of “朵” is just like a flower flushes at the top of the branch. 一口井 (a well) “口” looks like the shape of a well,Chinese Idioms and English Idioms,
11、枯木逢春:Withered tree gets a second life when spring comes again. It means getting a new life or a very good chance, which is hard to gain. 明枪易跺，暗箭难防： It is easy to dodge a spear thrust in the open but difficult to guard against an arrow shot from hiding. It warns people to be more careful to the poten
12、tial danger in daily life. 一箭双雕： kill two birds with one stone 大海捞针： look for a Needle in a haystack the salt of the earth: the few of the highest excellence an apple of discord: cause of disagreement or argument,English into Chinese (stative to dynamic),English nouns into Chinese verbs English prep
13、ositions into Chinese verbs English adjectives into Chinese verbs English adverbs into Chinese verbs,(1) He is a worker. 他是一名工人。 (2) If properly treated, the horse is a willing worker. 如果受到恰当的对待，马是愿意干活的。 He has been the ruler of this region for as long as twenty years. 他统治这个地区畅达10年之久 Talking with hi
14、s son, the old man was the forgiver of the young mans past wrong doings. 在和儿子谈话时，老人原谅了儿子过去所干的错事。,(一) English nouns into Chinese verbs,The education of children is a long-term project. 教育儿童是一项长期的工程。 His every appearance at any affair proclaims it a triumph. 任何事情只要他一出面，就准能办成。,The growing awareness by
15、millions of people of their intolerable condition of life had prompted them to revolt. 千百万人民日益意识到自己的生活 条件不堪忍受，这促使他们起来反抗。 (2) Starvation was a remote threat. 人们一时还不会饿死。,Holmes made a rapid examination of the rooms. 福尔摩丝迅速地检查了那些房间。 (2) The doctors extremely quick arrival and uncommonly careful examina
16、tion of the patient brought about his very speedy recovery. 医生迅速到达，并且非常仔细地检查了病人，因此 病人很快就康复了。,Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. 有些老年人因害怕死亡而感到烦恼。 (2) In his speech, he laid special stress on the quality of the products. 他在讲话中特别强调提高产品的质量。,(二) English prepositions into Chinese verbs,(1) I am against your proposal. 我反对你的建议。 (2) Is this bus for the post offi
