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1、2011年8月份百题精练（1）英语试题III阅读（共两节，满分40分）第节 阅渎理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AJudging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behaviour agree that there is virtually an epidemic (流行病) of sleepiness in the nation“I cant think of a single study that hasnt found Americans g
2、etting less sleep than they ought to,” says DrDavidEven people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more restThe beginning of our sleep-deficit (lack) crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century agoFrom diary entries and our personal account
3、s from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 95 hours a night“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep sc
4、hedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 75 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock“People cheat in their sleep, and they dont even realize theyre doing it,” says DrDavid“They think theyre okey because they can get by on 65 hours, when they really need 75, 8 or even more t
5、o feel ideally energetic”Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the dayWhenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programme“In our society, youre considered dynamic if yo
6、u say you need only 55 hours sleepIf youve got to get 85 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition”To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recal
7、l a passage read to them only minutes earlier“Weve found that if youre in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says DrDavid“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate”41What is the main topic of the passage?AResearch on the causes and consequences of sleep-d
8、eficitBThe epidemic of sleepiness in the modern timesCThe history of peoples sleeping patternsDThe minimum of our sleeping hours42Which of the following is DrDavids opinion?APeople who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who dontBSome people can remain energetic with only 65 hou
9、rs sleep a nightCIf they get 85 hours sleep, people will be full of drive and ambitionDPeoples metal power suffers if they are lackng in sleep43People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 95 hours a night because _Athey were forced by their parents to do soBthey knew what was best for their he
10、althCthey had no electricityDthey were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are44The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _Athe endless TV programmes in the evenings and the internetBthe heavy work load of the dayCthe sufficient energy modern people usually haveDloud noises in t
11、he modern cities45What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?APeoson or thing that is being discussed or describedBBranch of knowledge studied in a schoolCPerson or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented onDAny member of a State apart from the the supreme rulerBFor most pe
12、ople, shopping is still a matter of wandering down the street or loading a cart in a shopping mallSoon, that will changeElectronic commerce(trade) is growing fast and will soon bring people more choicesThere will, however, be a cost: protecting the consumer from being cheated will be harderMany gove
13、rnments therefore want to apply street regulations to the electronic worldBut politicians would be wiser to see cyberspace as a basis for a new era of corporate self-regulationConsumers in rich countries have grown used to the idea that the government takes responsibility for everything for the stab
14、ility of the banks to the safety of the drugs or their rights to refund when goods are faultyBut governments cannot enforce national laws on businesses whose only presence is on the screenEven in a country where a clear right to compensation exists, the on-line customer in Tokyo, say, can hardly go
15、to New York to get a refund for a clothes purchaseOne answer is for government to cooperate more: to recognize each others rulesBut that requires years of work and volumes of detailed rulesAnd plenty of countries have rules too fanciful for sober countries to acceptThere is, however, another choiceLet the electronic businesses do the regulation themselvesThey do, after all, have a self-interest in doing soIn electronic commerce, a reputation for honest dealing will be a valuable competitive assetGovernments, too, may compete to be trustedFor instance, customers ordering medicines o
