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1、中考英语介词考点归纳与例析【重点讲解】介词又称为“前置词”，不能单独作句子成分，其主要功能是与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语，表示时间、位置、方向或方法等。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如：The girl over there is Johns sister. (定语)My father will be back in two weeks. (状语)Our English teacher is from Ameraca. (表语)Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语)介词的用法比较复杂，特别是一些常用介词，能与动词、名词和形容词等搭配
2、，表示不同的意义，中考英语试题也往往从这方面来考查。学习介词光靠死记硬背是没用的，要注意介词和其他词搭配，要记一些固定搭配的短语，另外对于一些容易混淆的短语，最好是记含有这些短语的句子。1in, at, on 表示时间、地点的区别。指时间时，in 表示一段时间，如year, monnth, spring, 以及morning, afternoon, evening等。at 用于钟点时刻前，所表示的时间大多比较短暂，例如：at 7:00, at a quarter to eight.。另外，在noon和night前也用at。on 主要用于星期几、节日或具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上。例如
3、：on Mid-autumn Day, On Sunday, On June 2nd。指地点时，in 表示国家，城市等大地方，也表示在里面、内部、某一范围之内。 at 表示某一点或用于小地点前。on 表示在上（互相接触），如on the table, on the desk等。2in, to, on 表示方位的区别。in表示在某一地区之内的某个方位。on表示与某一地区的毗邻关系。to 表示在某一地区之外的某方位 。例如：Shenzhen is in the south of Guangdong. Shenzhen is to the south of Guangzhou.Shenzhen is
4、 on the south of Dongguan.3in 和after表示时间的区别。in和after表示时间都是“在以后”的意思，in 表示从现在算起到若干时间以后，用于一般将来时和过去将来时。after表示从过去算起到若干时间以后，用于一般过去时。in 只可接时间段，after除接时间段以外，还可接时间点。4across和through的区别。两者都表示“穿过，越过”。across含有“从表面穿过”之意；through含有“从中间穿过”之意。表示游渡、乘船过河时用across。5since 和for 的区别。since后常接点时间，表示“从时候以来”。for后常接一段时间，表示“多长时间
5、了”。 【中考链接】1. We will never forget what happened _the afternoon of May 12, 2008. A. inB. by C. atD. on 答案D。【解析】英语中常用 “in the morning, in the afternoon”表示“在上午，在下午”，但表示在某一天的上午、下午或晚上时，要用介词on。所以选D。2. Its very kind _ them to pick me up at the railway station and drive me home.A. for B. to C. of D. with 答案
6、C。【解析】句型“It is + adj. + of ”和“It is + adj. + for ”的区别是：当形容词用来修饰人物的性格特征时，用of；当形容词用来修饰事物的特征时，用for。所以排除A，选C。试比较：例如：Its not easy for them to solve this problem.3. _ May 27th, 2008 millions of people watched the Beijing Olympic Torch Relay in Nanjing.A. On B. In C. At D. For 答案A。【解析】该题考查的是表时间的介词，当表示在具体的某
7、一天时用on。4. A study shows that a tropical fish in America can survive（存活）_ water for up to 66 hours.A. beyond B. in C. out of D. from 答案C。【解析】俗话说，鱼离不开水，所以排除B，选C。out of water是“离开水”的意思。全句的意思是：“一项研究表明，在美国一种热带鱼能够脱离水存活达66小时之久。”5. What time do you usually have your first class?_ eight oclock _ the morning.A
8、. At, onB. At, inC. On, in ）答案D。【解析】“在几点钟”要用介词at, “在上午”要用介词in, 故选B。6. - How long have you lived _ Shenzhen?- _ ten years.A. in; For B. in; Since C. at; For D. on ; Since 答案A。【解析】介词表示地点时，at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内，on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”，所以第一空应填in。第二个空格考查的是for与since的区别，for搭配时间段，since搭配时间点，因此填For。7. - Excuse m
9、e, Sir. Could you help me to look _ my child? I cant find him anywhere in the shop.- OK. What does he look _? A. after; like B. for; like C. like; around D. like; out答案B。【解析】该题考查的是短语动词中介词的用法，“look for”表示“寻找”，“look like”表示“看起来像”。这种不及物动词与介词组成的词组称为短语动词，相当于一个及物动词。8. - Where were you _ that time yesterda
10、y? - Well, I was at home _ my parents.A. on; with B. at; in C. at; with D. in; at 答案C。【解析】“at that time”表示“在那时”。“with sb”表示“与某人在一起”。9. - All the clerks went home_ Mr. Wang. Why?- Because he had to finish his work.A. except B. besides C. without D. beside 答案A。【解析】该题主要考查except与 besides的区别，except表示“排除在
11、外，不包含”，而besides表示“除了，还有”。句子的意思是“除了王先生，其他员工都回家了，因为王先生还要完成他的工作。”10. _ her great joy, her daughter was finally saved by the doctors.A. In B. To C. At D. For 答案B。【解析】该题考查的是介词短语作状语的用法。“to ones great joy”表示“令某人高兴的是”， 又如“to ones surprise”，表示“令某人吃惊的是”。【习题精炼】1. He came here _ the spring of 1992.A. on B. in C
12、. to D. at2. Whats wrong _ your washing machine, Helen?A. in B. at C. to D. with3. Cats usually work _ the day and sleep _ night. A. in, at B. at, at C. in, in D. at, in 4. She has been there twice since _ 2005. A. in B. on C. at D. since5. The Pearl River runs _ Guangzhou City. A. at B. across C. t
13、hrough D. over6. Please wait for us. Well be back _ a few minutes. A. in B. after C. for D. with7. We went to school _ his fathers car but had to come back _ foot. A. on, by B. in, on C. by, on D. by, with8. The post office is _ the other side of the street. A. on B. in C. of D. from 9. The missing boy suddenly returned _ a rainy night. A. with B. in C. at D. on10. What time is it _ your watch? A. at B. by C. with D. in 11. You can find the little house _ the hill.A. in the end of B. at the end C. in the end D. at the end of【答案详解】 1答案：B。【解析】in, on, at这个介词都可以表示时间。in 表示“在一段时间之内”，常用
