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1、初二英语语法知识重点总结一、知识强化1掌握本单元的重点词汇及句型。2谈论最好做某事和正确做某事，培养提高自己的交际能力。3正确使用should和ought to。二、重难点知识讲解1First, we decided to elect the chief editor. 首先我们决定选出主编。decide 动词，意为“决定”，常用结构：decide (not) to do sth. 决定(不)做某事decide on doing sth 决定做某事decide + 疑问代词/副词不定式 决定decide从句 决定e.g.I decided to go to Beijing on Monday.
2、我决定星期一去北京。He has decided on going for a trip next week.他已决定下周去旅行。He decided when to go to Beijing.他已经决定了什么时候去北京。We decided that we didnt take part in the basketball match.我们决定不参加篮球比赛。2We should choose Joyce because she has experience.我们应该选乔伊斯因为她很有经验。（1）experience n. 经验；经历经验(不可数名词)e.g.He is a math te
3、acher with 5 years experience.他是一名有五年工作经验的数学老师。经历(可数名词)e.g.It was a strange experience.真是一次奇特的经历。Please tell us your experiences in America.请你告诉我们你在美洲的经历。（2）experience v. 体验；经历e.g.Our country has experienced great changes in the last thirty years.我国在过去三十年经历了巨大变化。3Then we all voted for her. 然后我们都投票赞成
4、（选乔伊斯为主编）。vote for sb. 意为“投票赞成某人”。e.g.I shall vote for Ben because he has experience.我将投票选本因为他有经验。Vote for Johnsonthe peoples friend!请投约翰逊一票他是人民的支持者。vote against 意为“投票反对”。e.g.People vote against Henry.人们投票反对亨利。4Then Joyce took charge of the meeting. 于是，乔伊斯主持会议。take charge of意为“主管，主持；负责”。e.g.Who will
5、 take charge of the meeting?谁将主持这次会议？She took charge of the family business after her father died.父亲去世后，家务事全由她负责。The department was badly organized until she took charge(of it).这个部门在她负责管理以前组织工作做得很差。5Then the others voted for me. 于是其他人投票选我。句中的the others指参加会议的除我以外的所有人即：Lucy, Joyce, Tony和Jessica。辨析：oth
6、er, the other, the others与another（1）other表示“其他的”，表示泛指，没有特定的范围。e.g.Lei Feng always helped other people.雷锋总是帮助别人。(指其他的任何人)（2）the other意为“另一个”，一般用于两者之间。其句型为：onethe other一个另一个e.g.The old man has two sons. One is a soldier, the other is a worker.那位老人有两个儿子，一个是士兵，另一个是工人。注意：the other和other后均可加名词，但意思有所不同，“th
7、e other名词”表示一定范围内除一部分外其余的全部，而“other名词”表示除去部分以后的另一些，但不是剩下的全部。（3）the others 特指一定范围内的其余的全部人或事物。e.g.I have three pencils. One is long, and the others are short.我有三支铅笔，一支是长的，另外（两个）是短的。（代词）（4）another表示三者或三者以上的其他任何一个，意为“再一；又一”。e.g.Would you like another cup of tea?你还要一杯茶吗?6You will be responsible for diffe
8、rent sections of the paper.你们将负责报纸的不同部分。be responsible for意为“对负责”。e.g.Who is responsible for breaking the mirror?镜子是谁打破的?The bus driver is responsible for the passengers safety.公共汽车司机应对乘客的安全负责。7Should it be free for readers, or should they pay for it?读者应免费阅读还是花钱购买呢？辨析：pay, spend, cost与take四个单词都可以表示“
9、花费”，但用法却不尽相同。（1）pay的基本用法是：pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买某物。e.g.I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每个月要付给他们20英镑的房租。pay for sth. 付某物的钱e.g.I have to pay for the lost book.我不得不赔偿丢失的书款。pay for sb. 替某人付钱e.g.Dont worry! Ill pay for you.别担心，我会给你付钱的。（2）spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：spend time/
10、money on sth. 在某物上花费时间/ 金钱。e.g.I spent two hours on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。spend time/ money(in)doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事。e.g.They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。（3）cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见的用法如下：“sth. cost (sb.)金钱”表示“某物花了(某人)多少钱”。e.g.A new computer costs a lot of money
11、.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。“(doing)sth. cost(sb.)时间”表示“(做某事)某物花了(某人)多少时间”e.g.Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量的时间才记住了这些新单词。（4）take 常见的用法有以下几种：“It takes/took sb.时间 to do sth. ”表示“做某事花了某人多少时间”。e.g.It took them three years to build this road.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。“doing sth. takes sb.时间”表示“做某事花了某人多少
12、时间”。e.g.Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.他花了一整下午修这辆小汽车。8Well, I usually try to get one for free from outside the library哦，我通常试图从图书馆外免费拿一份try to do sth.,意为“尽力、设法去做某事”，强调付出一定的努力或想方设法地去完成。Ill try to come early tomorrow.我明天尽量早点儿来。辨析：try doing sth. 意为“尝试着做某事”，不一定付出很大努力。e.g.If you like, you
13、 can try watching it.如果你喜欢，你可以试着看一下。拓展：try/do ones best to do sth.意为“尽某人全力去做某事”。e.g.We should try our best to practice speaking English.我们应尽力来练习说英语。try on意为“试穿”。e.g.Can I try it on?我可以试穿一下吗?try也可用作名词，意为“尝试”。e.g.I cant open this doorwill you have a try?我打不开这扇门你来试试行吗?9I also have the habit of reading
14、English for half an hour every morning.我也有每天早上读半小时英语的习惯。have the habit of doing意为“有干某事的习惯”。e.g.My mother has the habit of getting up early.我妈妈有早起的习惯。He has habit of smoking during meals.他有吃饭时吸烟的习惯。10Were you nervous before the speech? 在演讲前你紧张吗?nervous意为“焦虑的，紧张的”，形容词作表语，可以与动词get/ feel，系动词be连用。e.g.Dont be nervous! The doctor just wants to help you.别紧张!医生只是想帮助你。I felt very nervous when I went into his office.当我走进他的办公室时，我感到很紧张。11She was on her way to the library to ret
