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1、2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练41.traditional adj.传统的，惯例的In traditional Chinese culture，marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children.在传统的中国文化中，父母常常为儿女操办婚姻。考点提示：tradition n传统，常规，惯例follow/keep up the tradition 遵循传统break the tradition 打破传统according to tradition 据传统Theres a _ in our office t
2、hat when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.A tradition Bbalance Cconcern DRelationship完成句子：(1)The MidAutumn Day is a _(传统的)festival of China.(2)“When in Rome，do as the Romans do”means we should follow the_(传统，惯例)of a country.2.include vt.(1)包含，包括Your responsibilities w
3、ill include making appointments on my behalf.你的职责包括替我安排预约。剑桥高阶The price includes postage charges.这个价钱包含邮资。(2)把列在里面，算入，计入include.in/on/among.He includes me among his friends.他把我当作朋友。I include eggs on the list of things to buy.我把鸡蛋列入购物单中。考点提示：(1)including(介词)包含、包括(置于名词前)Seven people died in the accide
4、nt，including a baby.七人在事故中丧生，包括一个婴儿。(2)included adj.(置于名词之后)Many people went to the party，me included(including me)许多人参加了聚会，包括我在内。contain/include辨析(1)contain指作为组成部分而被“含有”或“容纳”在内，是内容物的包括。(2)include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，是范围的包括。(1)This atlas(地图册)_40 maps，_3 of the Great Britain.Acontains；including Bincludes
5、；containingCcontains；containing Dincludes；including(2)At least twenty people were injured in the car accident，three children_.Acontained Bincluding Cwere included Dincluded3.celebrate vt.&vi.庆祝How do people celebrate New Year in your country?你们国家的人怎样庆祝新年？考点提示：celebration n 庆祝；典礼；庆祝会celebrate Christm
6、as/ones birthday 庆祝圣诞节/某人的生日have/hold a celebration 举行一个庆祝会in celebration of. 为了庆祝congratulate sb on sth /doing sth 祝贺某人某事/做某事congratulations to sb on sth /doing sth 祝贺某人某事/做某事congratulate/celebrate辨析(1)congratulate的意思是“祝贺”，其宾语必须是人，使用congratulate sb on sth 结构；也常用其复数形式congratulations。(2)celebrate的宾语是
7、物，如节日、结婚纪念日、生日等令人欢乐的事情或日子。用congratulate，celebrate填空(1)We held a party in_of this victory.(2)I offered my_on his success.(3)We held a_to_his birthday.(4)In the_，we_him on his promotion.4.darkness n黑暗I can see nothing in the darkness.在黑暗中我什么也看不见。The city centre was plunged into darkness by the power c
8、ut.市中心因停电变得一片漆黑。darkness/dark辨析darkness与dark没有绝对的区别。但darkness常指一时的黑暗；dark表示经常或长时间的黑暗，用时须加the，另外它与介词at，before，after连用表示“黄昏”“傍晚”。keep sth in the dark暗中做某事keep sth dark 对某事保密keep sb in the dark 对某人保密用dark的有关短语填空(1)They all knew the truth.Only I was _ _ _.(2)Its wrong for them to keep it _ _ _.5.destroy
9、 v破坏，毁坏The building was pletely destroyed by fire.这个建筑物被大火彻底焚毁了。All my hopes were destroyed by his letter of refusal.他回信拒绝，我的希望完全破灭。They have destroyed all the evidence.他们销毁了一切证据。考点提示：destruction n破坏，摧毁destructive adj. 造成毁灭或严重破坏的destroy/damage/harm辨析(1)destroy常指毁灭性的破坏。(2)damage可指不同程度的损害、破坏。(3)harm一般
10、指身心、健康、名声的损害。(1)The noises not only make it difficult to sleep，but they are _ damage to our houses and shops.Adoing Bmaking Cputting Draising(2)The heavy rain_the hope of a picnic.Adamaged Bdestroyed Charmed Dhurt(3)He was lucky enough to escape being killed in the accident，but his car was pletely_.
11、Adamaged Bstruck Cfailed Ddestroyed6.serve(1)vt.为服务，效力We should serve the people heart and soul.我们应该全心全意为人民服务。(2)vt.接待，招呼(顾客等)The shop assistant is serving a customer.商店服务员正在接待一位顾客。First e，first served.先来者先被接待。(先来后到)(3)vt.端上(饭菜)，供应饮食serve sb with sth 拿来招待某人；供应The waiter served us with wine.服务生给我们倒酒。
12、(4)vt.&vt.服刑，服役，担任职务The soldier has served in the army for 3 years.那个士兵已服3年兵役。The man served a long sentence in prison for his crime.那个人为他犯的罪要长期服刑。(5)serve as 担任(某职务)，充任；权当，当用He served two terms as president.他担任过两届总统。When they slept in the open，dry leaves served as blanket.当他们在野外睡觉时，干树叶就当毛毯用。翻译句子:(1
13、)他服侍主人多年。_(2)他拿出水果来招待我们。_7.swallow(1)vt.& vi.吞；咽He had a sore throat and found it difficult to swallow.他嗓子疼，觉得咽东西困难。(2)vt.吞没；吞噬The waves swallowed up the boat.浪涛吞噬船只。(3)n.吞；咽Take the medicine at one swallow.一口把药吞下。(4)n.燕子One swallow does not make a summer.一燕不成夏。(谚语)完成句子:(1)Its difficult for you to _
14、(吞下整个鸡蛋)翻译句子:(2)洪水吞没一切挡在它路上的东西。_8.mess n混乱考点提示： in a mess乱七八糟 make a mess 搞乱Your books and magazines are almost in a mess; go and put them in order.你的书和杂志简直乱七八糟，去把它们整理一下。Margies bedroom was in a _， with books and papers covering every possible surface.Alitter Bdisorder Cmess Drubbish 9.adopt v采纳；收养Our school has adopted a new teac
