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1、HRM IndustrialRelations IndustrialRelations definingthescope male FT unionised manual heavy industries publicsector restrictivepractices strikes collectivebargaining Employeerelations morediversejobs non manual female PT non union services hightech new businessetcFocus regulationofemploymentrelation
2、ship control adaptation adjustment legal political econ social historicalcontexts Collectiveaspects operatingwithin outsidetheworkplaceconcernedwithdetermining regulatingemploymentrelationships Comparative HRM Labourmarket Socialaction Systems Controloverlabourprocess ApproachestoIR Widerapproaches
3、EvolutionRevolution CooperationConflict AuthoritarianPaternalism Capitalistsocietyintegratedgroupcommonvalues interests objectivesoneauthority loyaltyirrational fractionalcoercionintrusiveanachronisticonlyacceptedifforced Unitary Pluralistic Marxist Assume Natureofconflict Conflictresolution TURole
4、Post capitalistsocietySectionalgroups coalescedifferentvalues interests objectivescompetitiveauthority loyalty formal informal inevitable rational structuralcompromise agreementlegitimateinternal integraltoworkplaceacceptedroleinecon managerialrelations CapitalistDivisionoflabour capitalsocialimbala
5、nce inequalities power wealthetcinherentinecon socialsystemsdisorder precursortochangechangesocietyemployeeresponsetocapitalismmobilise expressclassconsciousnessdeveloppoliticalawareness activity Input outputmodel convertpotentialforconflictintoregulationreconcileconflictsofinterestthroughlegitimate
6、 functionalprocesses institutionsattheheart collectivebargainingregulatoryoutputRules unilateral jointorimposedbygovernmentsubstantial proceduralarrangementswithin the organisationorexternalrules law nationalagreements varyingdegreesofformality Systemsapproach Dunlop1958 IR asocialsub systemwithinth
7、eecon politicalsystemsComponentsactorscontexts influences constraintsondecisions actione g market technologigy demography industrialstructure ideology beliefsaffectingactorviews sharedorinconflictrules regulatoryelementsi e theterms natureoftheemploymentrelationshipdevelopedbyIRprocessesStable order
8、lyUnstable disorderly Socialaction Bain Clegg actorperceptions definitionof reality determinebehaviour actions relationshipsworkorientationisasmucharesultofextra organisationalexperienceasexperiencewithintheworkplacestructuralfactorsmaylimitindividualchoice actionboundedrationality interrelateddecis
9、ionsmayfixorsignificantlyshiftvalues focus rolesorrelationships instrumental value basedconsiderations Controloverlabourprocess transformationininputsbylabourusingtools methods Products undercapitalism becomeexchangable marketablecommodities Relevancetobanking retailing localgov tetc labour capitalr
10、elationship essentiallyexploitative ownership surplusvalue logicofefficiency savings structuresofcontrol Braverman toachievecapital sobjectives specialisation standardisation simplification substitutetechnologyforlabour Taylor de skilling Critique Core peripheralemployees SegmentedlabourmarketsJoben
11、richment empowerment responsibleautonomyPersonalcontrol bureaucraticcontrol LabourMarket howworkisdistributedwithinsociety Issuesincreaseinwomen sactivityrateslevel natureofunemployment longvs short termjobsmanufacturing service globalisationvs localmarketregulationstrategies duallabourmarketsEconom
12、iclabourmarketmodelPay pricemechanism SS DD elasticity equilibrium Onemarket same forall ordifferentiatedbyskill job locationetc assumesPricing Work disutility WagescompensateforlessleisureMarginalproductivitygainfromusingoneextraunitoflabour institutionalised labourmarket wagefloor goingrate range
13、quartiles collectivebargainingvs individualnegotiation LabourMarket socialacceptance hierarchies PossibleIssuesUnskilled semi skilled skilled Blue collar white collar Professionalisation Otherdesirethesame UKrecognitionof engineers UK class system differentialaccesstoeducation privateschools labourd
14、ivisions GovernmentinterestPassive activepoliciesRetirementage unemploymentbenefit training jobsupportWhopays viataxationordirectEr Eecontributions Interventionist corporatistapproaches stateregulation Deregulation free flexiblelabourmarket paydecidedby abilitytopay Economicenvironment UKde industri
15、alisation manufacturingdeclineincreasingliberalisation internationalisation globalisationoftradegovernmentmanagementofeconomye g Keynesianvsmonetarism increasinginequalityinwagedistributionindustrialrestructuring introductionofnewtechnologiesexpansionofservicesectorParticipationratesinemploymentbetw
16、een1966 198177 3to75 3 Overall97 7to87 8 Men55 4to61 5 Women Employmenttrends1981 91 Figuresroundedtonearest 000Source EmploymentGazette Socialenvironment industrialised capitalistsocietyprinciplesoffreedomofthought expression associationProtestantworkethicWelfarestatevs independence expansionofindividualopportunitiesclass socialmobility manualtomiddle professionalhome shareownershipunemployment haves havenots NHSvs privatemedicine Politicalenvironment internalorganisationaldecision making Power
