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1、1概念 修饰 或 的句子就叫做定语从句 引导定语从句的词叫 有两种 关系代词 relativepronoun 关系副词 relativeadverb 2被定语从句修饰的词就叫 它一般是由 或 充当 定语从句一定要放在 3定语从句可分为 与 名词 代词 关系词 whom whose which that who when where why as relative 先行词之后 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 先行词 名词 代词 句子 antecedent 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分 主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开 非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说
2、明 没有这种从句不影响主句意思完整 一般用逗号把主句和从句分开 引导词 who whom whose which ofwhich when where等 不用that 不能省略 引导词 关系代词和关系副词 作宾语时一些关系代词可以省略 TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause TheNon RestrictiveAttributiveClause 找出下面两句的先行词与关系词 Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear antecedent先行词 relativepronoun关系代词 Thisisthefactorywhereheworks an
3、tecedent先行词 relativeadverb关系副词 Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo IhavefoundthebookwhichIlost IvisitedtheschoolwhereIstudied 关系代词 关系副词 注意事项 1 从句的位置 2 翻译方法 3 构成 先行词之后 的 先行词 关系词 限制性定语从句的构成 指人时 用 指物时 用 1作主语 指人时 用 指物时 用 2作宾语 不可省略 可以省略 指人时 用 指物时 用 3作介词宾语 介词后不可用who或that 指人时 用
4、 指物时 用 4作定语 名词 who that which that whom who that which that whom which whose n whose n 关系代词的用法 Exx 1Thefriendwasnothungry Hecametosupperlastnight 2Themanisafamouswriter Wehavejustseenhim Theman who whom that wehavejustseenhimisafamouswriter Thefriendwho thathecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry 3Hepre
5、fersthecheese Itcomesfromhisparent sfarm 4Thenoodlesweredelicious Youcookedthem Heprefersthecheesewhich thatitcomesfromhisparent sfarm Thenoodles which that youcookedthemweredelicious 任何一个关系词在定语从句中都必须作成分 使用时要注意避免从句中成分的重复和缺失 注意一 指物时只用that的情况 1 先行词是all little few much some any no none every anything n
6、othing everything等 或被其修饰时 2 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级以及thevery thefew theonly thelast等修饰时 3 先行词既有人又有物时 4 主句以疑问词which或who开头时 5 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时 Heisnolongertheman heusedtobe A whoB whichC thatD whom C 注意二 关系代词只用which不用that ThisistheroominwhichMr Whitelives Hermotherwasdead whichmadeherverysad Letmeshowyouthenovel
7、thatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous 1 当关系代词前有介词时 2 在非限制定语从句中 3 在一个句子中有两个定语从句 其中一个关系代词用that 另一个宜用which ThepersonIwanttolearnfromisonewhostudieshardandworkswell Thereisagentlemanwhowantstoseeyou ImetaforeignerintheparkyesterdayafternoonwhocouldspeakChineseverywell Thestudentthatwaspraised
8、atyesterday smeetingisthemonitorwhoisverymodestandworksveryhard 1 先行词为one ones anyone those 指人时只用who 2 在therebe结构中 修饰主语的定从宜用who指人 3 当先行词有较长的后置定语时 4 一个句子中带有两个定语从句 其中一个定从的关系代词是that 另一个宜用who 注意三 只用who不用that 1 Hedidall everything hecouldtohelpme 2 Thisistheverything Iamafter 3 Thisisthefirstthing Iwantt
9、osay 4 Themanto Ispokeisafamousscientist 5 Theboy motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather 6 Heopenedthedoor infrontof sataboy that that that whom whose Exx that which whose whom who which MrSmithis agoodteacher weallrespect A such thatB such asC so thatD so asMrSmithis agoodteacher weallrespecthim A suc
10、h thatB such asC so thatD so as B A 有 thesame as such as as so as thesame as与thesame that的区别 thesame as与原物同类的 即 thesame that与先行词同样的东西 即 ThisisthesamepenasIboughtyesterday 这和我买的那支钢笔一样 ThisisthesamepenthatIboughtyesterday 这就是我买的那支钢笔 同类异物 同类同物 as引导限制性定语从句的固定搭配 同一支 不是同一支 Heisnot afool A such asheislooke
11、dB such ashelooksC as asheislookedD so ashelooksWehopetogetsuchatool heisusing A B asC whichD thatSheiswearingthesamedress sheworeyesterday A whichB asC thatD Wearefacingthesameproblems wedidyearsago A whichB thatC D as 巩固练习 B D C B 关系副词的用法 指代 所做成分 可否省略 when 时间 状语 否 where 地点 状语 否 why 原因 状语 否 关系副词 注意
12、 why只能引导 限定 若要用于 非限定 中 则须用forwhich引导 Istillremembertheday Icamehere when Thisisthehouse Ilivedlastyear where Therearemanyreasons peopleliketraveling why ontheday inthehouse forthereasons when where why onwhich inwhich forwhich 注意一 关系副词 介词 which when in on at during whichwhere in on at whichwhy for w
13、hich 1 I llneverforgetthedays weworkedtogether I llneverforgetthedays wespenttogetherlastsummer 2 Hisfatherworksinafactory makesradioparts Hisfatherworksinafactory radiopartsaremade 3 Thisisthereason hewaslate Thisisthereason heraisedatthemeeting 注意二 关系副词 关系代词 when which that where which that 状 duri
14、ngwhich 宾 主 状 inwhich why forwhich 状 宾 which that Theway heexplainedtouswasquitesimple Theway heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand theday time year theplace somewhere anywhere everywhere nowhere thereason 注意三 theway 的方式 说明 当先行词是theway 作方式状语时 关系词用that inwhich 不填 that which 不填 that in
15、which 不填 宾 注意四 关系副词的省略情况 通常不省略 when on at inwhich where atwhich why forwhich 先行词为day time moment等时 关系词常用when Hehadfinishedreadingthebookbythetime Iarrivedathishouse why在定语从句中作原因状语 先行词是reason why可换为forwhich That sthereason hedidn tcomelastnight why forwhich when 一 什么是定语从句 关系词和先行词 二 关系词分为几种 分别是 三 定语从句分为几种 分别是 四 定语从句的位置在哪里 五 关系词的用法六 关系词的省略六 介词的确定方法
