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1、Lesson143 Awalkthroughthewoods Newwordsandexpressions 1 surroundv 包围 besurroundedby 被什么包围 2 placev 放 n 地方 3 countv 数 点 4 coverv 覆盖 becoveredwith 被 覆盖 5 throwv 扔 抛threw thrown 6 prosecutev 依法处置 1 woodn 树林 2 beautyspot风景点 3 hundred百 4 city城市 5 visitor参观者 游客 6 litter杂乱的东西 9 rubbish垃圾 8 piece碎片 10 tyre轮
2、胎 7 litterbasket废物筐 1 tidyadj 整齐的 2 rustyadj 生锈的 3 throughprep 穿过 4 amongprep 在 之间 课文讲解 Iliveinaveryoldtownwhichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods Besurroundedby四周环绕着我住在一个四周围绕着高楼的地方 Iliveinaplacewhichissurroundedbytallbuildings 我住在四周围绕着山的小村中 Iliveinavillagewhichissurroundedbyhills Itisafamousbeautyspot Be
3、autyspot 风景点Touristattraction 游览胜地别人告诉我青岛是个旅游胜地IhavebeentoldthatQingdaoisagoodtouristattraction OnSundays hundredsofpeoplecomefromthecitytoseeourtownandtowalkthroughthewoods hundredsof成百上千的成百上千的战士在这场战争中牺牲 Hundredsofsoldiersdiedinthiswar acrossoverthrough的用法区别 across 横过 穿过 特指从一边到另一边e g 1 Thebusiscomi
4、ngacrossthebridge 2 Canyouswimacrosstheriver 3 Thechildwillgoacrossthecrossroadsafterthelightturnsgreen over 越过 翻越过去 e g 1 Aftertheyclimbedoverthehilltheyfoundmanyflowersinthefields 2 Theycan tclimboverthemountainiftheycan tkeepgoing Visitorshavebeenaskedtokeepthewoodscleanandtidy Litterbasketshaveb
5、eenplacedunderthetrees butpeoplestillthrowtheirrubbisheverywhere LastWednesday Iwentforawalkinthewoods Goforawalk散步WhatIsawmademeverysad 句中的主语WhatIsaw是what引导的名词性从句 主语从句 那个小男孩所做的一切使他母亲十分惊讶 Whatthelittleboydidsurprisedhismother 你所做的使我愉快 Whatyoudomakesmehappy Icountedsevenoldcarsandthreeoldrefrigerator
6、s Thelittlebasketswereemptyandthegroundwascoveredwithpiecesofpaper cigaretteends oldtyres emptybottlesandrustytins becoveredwith 被 覆盖桌子上布满了灰尘 Thedesksarecoveredwithdust 地上覆盖着雪 Thegroundwascoveredwithsnow Amongtherubbish Ifoundasignwhichsaid Anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodswillbeprosecuted 该晚会来者不拒 A
7、nyonewhocomestothepartyiswelcome 任何违反交通规则的人都会被罚款 Anyonewhobreaksthetrafficregulationswillbefined through 穿过 特指从某空间穿过e g 1 Thedeerisgoingthroughtheforest 2 Theballoonisflyingonandonthroughtheclouds 3 Jacksawmanystudentsplayingintheplaygroundthroughthewindow 被动语态 PassiveVoice 被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时 谓语
8、的形式是主动语态 当句子的主语是动作的承受者时 谓语要用被动语态 被动语态由助动词be 过去分词构成 时态通过be表现出来 1 Theymakeshoesinthatfactory 主语 及物动词 宾语 Shoesaremade bythem inthatfactory 一般现在时 S 主语 am is are 过去分词 变为被动语态 Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday 主 谓 宾 受动者 Bowls arewashed by hisbrother everyday 改为被动语态 TheyplayfootballonSunday Lucydoesthehomeworki
9、ntheevening Theyoftenusecomputersinclass WemakethesemachinesinBeilun PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK FootballisplayedbythemonSunday ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass ThesemachinesaremadeinBeilun EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK 2 Theyboughttencomput
10、erslastterm Tencomputerswerebought bythem lastterm 一般过去时 S was were 过去分词 Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday 主 谓 宾 受动者 Thelittlebaby waslookedafter by him yesterday Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow Theyusedthisroomforresting They
11、plantedmanytreesyearsago Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago 3 Theywillfinishtheworkintendays Theworkwillbefinished bythem intendays 一般将来时 S will be
12、 过去分词 Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow 主 谓 宾 受动者 Theroom willbecleaned by Tom tomorrow Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow Asport
13、smeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschoolyardtomorrow Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow 4 AmycantakegoodcareofGina GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy 情态动词 S can ma
14、y must should be 过去分词 1 Hecantakecareofthebaby 2 Lucymaydrawthepictures 3 Youmustturnoffthelights 4 TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell 5 Jimcoulddoityesterday Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday 被动
15、语态中的特殊情况1 不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时 在变为被动语态时 仍然要带上介词 e g Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass 被动句 Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass e g Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool 被动句 Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool 2 当动词带有复合宾语 有宾补 并且宾补是省去 to 的动词不定式时 在被动语态中应加上 to e g Theymak
16、eusdoallthework 被动句 Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem e g Weoftenhearhersingsongs 被动句 Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus e g Isawhimwalktoschool 被动句 Hewasseentowalktoschoolbyme 这些动词真奇怪 主动句中to离开 被动句中to回来 let have make feel see watch hear notice 3 当动词带双宾语时 一个宾语是指人 一个是指物 将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时 另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来 如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语 在被动句中则指人宾语前应加 to 或 for 常见加to的动词有give send teach write show pass ask tell 常见加for的动词有make draw buy e g Hegivesmeaflowereveryday 被动1Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday 被动2Aflowerisgiventomebyhimevery
