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1、Chapter12Power Politics 12 1Powerpowertacticsforgainingcompliance 1 DefinitionTheabilitytogetotherstodosth Theywouldnotdooutoftheirself interest AcapacitythatAhastoinfluencethebehaviorofBsothatBdoesthingsheorshewouldnototherwisedoimplication 1 apotentialthatneedn tbeactualizedtobeeffective 2 adepend
2、encyrelationship 3 Bhasdiscretionoverhisownbehaviordependency B srelationshiptoAwhenApossessessth ThatBrequires 2 Base sources ofPower5categoryclassificationschemebyFrench Raven Coercive beingdependentonfear thenegativeresultduetoapplicationreward complianceachievedbasedontheabilitytodistributerewar
3、dsthatothersviewsasvaluablelegitimate thepowerreceivedasaresultofhispositionintheformalhierarchyofanorganizationexpert influencebasedonspecialskillsorknowledgereferent possessionbyanindividualofdesirableresourceorpersonaltraits Outofadmiration 3 Thekeytopower Generalpostulate thegreatB sdependencyon
4、A thegreatthepowerAhasoverBdependencyincreaseswhentheresourceyoucontrolisimportant scarce nonsubstitutableimportance whocanabsorbanorganization suncertaintywillbeperceivedasimportantscarcity aresourceneedstobeperceivedasscarcenonsubstitutability elasticityofpower therelativeresponsivenessofpowertoch
5、angesinavailablealternative 4 Identifywherethepoweris Atthedepartmentlevel theproportionoftop levelmanagers coming representativesoncross functionalteamsgetagendaatmajormeetings getfastaccesstotopD M 5 Powertacticswaysinwhichpowerholdertranslatepowerbasisintospecificactions Reason logicalorrationalp
6、resentationfriendliness useofflattery creationofgoodwill actinghumble friendlypriortomakingarequestcoalition gettingother ssupporttobackuprequesbargaining negotiationthroughfavorsexchangeassertiveness useofadirect forcefulapproachsuchasdemandingcompliancewithrequesthigherauthority gainingthesupporto
7、fhighersanction 5 Powertactics UsagefrommosttoleastpopularUpwardinfluence R C F B A HDownwardinfluence R A F C B H Suncovered4contingentvariables themanager srelativepower objectivesforwantingtoinfluence expectationofthetargetperson swillingnesstocomply theorganizationalculture 6 Poweringroup Coalit
8、ion Strengthinnumbers ifit sdifficult risky costlyorimpossibletobuildapersonalpowerbase effortswillbemadetoformacoalitionbyjoiningtogethercoalitioninorganizationoftenseektomaximizetheirsize morecoalitionwillbecreatedtherebeingagreatdealoftaskthemoreroutinethetaskofagroup thegreatthelikelihoodofcoali
9、tionformation Chapter12Power Politics 12 2Politics PowerinActionkeyelements attempttouseone spowerbasesoutsideone sspecificjobrequirement influencethedistributionofadvantages disadvantages 1 Definition Thoseactivitiesthatarenotrequiredaspartofone sformalroleintheorganization butthatinfluence orattem
10、pttoinfluence thedistributionofadvantages disadvantageswithintheorganizationlegitimate normaleverydaypoliticssuchascomplaint bypassing coalition excessiveadherenceillegitimate extremepoliticalbehaviorthatviolatestheimpliedrulesofgames sabotage symbolicprotests groupcallinginsickconcurrentl 2 Thereal
11、ityofpolitics Differentvalues goals interests potentialforconflictoverresourcesScarceresources turnspotentialintorealconflict Onegainsattheexpenseofothers competitionmostdecisionsaremadeinaclimateofambiguitypoliticking 3 Factorscontributingtopolitics Individualfactors highself monitors internallocus
12、ofcontrol highMachiavellian Individual sinvestmentintheorganization perceivedjobalternatives expectationsofsuccessorganizationalfactors reallocationofresources promotionopportunities lowtrust roleambiguity unclearperformanceevaluationsystem 0 sumrewardpractices democraticD M highperformancepressures
13、 self servingseniormanager 4 Politickingimprovingyourpoliticaleffectiveness Frameargumentsintermsoforganizationgoalsdeveloptherightimagegaincontroloforganizationalresourcesmakeyourselfappearindispensable nosubstitutebevisibledeveloppowerfulalliesavoid tainted members statusisquestionablesupportyourb
14、oss 5 Impressionmanagement TheprocessbywhichindividualsattempttocontroltheimpressionothersformofthemIMtechniques conformity agreewithother sopiniontogain excuses explanationsofapredicamentevent apologies admittingresponsibilityforundesirableevent acclaiming explanationsoffavorableevents flattery com
15、plimentingothersabouttheirvirtues favors doingsth Niceforsomeone association managingrelevantinformation 6 DefensiveBehaviorprotectionofself interestaswellaspromotion Reaction protectivebehaviorstoavoidaction blame orchangeavoidingaction overconforming rigidadherencetorulespassingthebuck transferdut
16、ytoothersplayingdumb falselypleadignoranceorinabilitydepersonalization ignorespecificidiosyncrasiesstretching smoothing prolongatask coverupfluctuationsinefforttomakeyouappearbusystalling supportivepubliclywhiledoinglittle 6 DefensiveBehaviorpoliticalstrategy negativeeffectinlongrun avoidingblame buffing rigorousdocumentingactivitytoprojectanimageofcompetence playingsafe evadeunfavorablysituation justifying lessenyourresponsibility scapegoating placetheblameonexternalfactorsmisrepresenting manip
