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1、胡壮麟语言学教程（修订版）测试题(1-12章，含答案） Chapter 1 Introductions to LinguisticsI. Choose the best answer. (20%)2. Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary? A. tree B. typewriter C. crash D. bang4. In Chinese when someone breaks a bowl or a plate the host or the people present are likely to say“碎碎（岁岁）平安
2、”as a means of controlling the forces which they believes feel might affect their lives. Which functions does it perform? A. Interpersonal B. Emotive C. Performative D. Recreational7._ refers to the actual realization of the ideal language usersknowledge of the rules of his language in utterances. A
3、. Performance B. Competence C. Langue D. Parole8. When a dog is barking, you assume it is barking for something or at someone that exists hear and now. It couldnt be sorrowful for some lost love or lost bone. This indicates the design feature of _. A. cultural transmission B. productivity C. displac
4、ement D. duality9. _ answers such questions as how we as infants acquire our first language. A. PsycholinguisticsB.Anthropological linguisticsC. Sociolinguistics D. Applied linguistics10._ deals with language application to other fields, particularly education. A. Linguistic theory B. Practical ling
5、uisticsC. Applied linguistics D. Comparative linguisticsII. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. (10%)11. Language is a means of verbal communication. Therefore, the communication way used by the deaf-mute is not languageF12. Language change is universal, ongoing and arbitrary.
6、F13. Speaking is the quickest and most efficient way of the human communication systems.T14. Language is written because writing is the primary medium for all languages.F15. We were all born with the ability to acquire language, which means the details of any language system can be genetically trans
7、mitted.F16. Only human beings are able to communicate.F17. F. de Saussure, who made the distinction between langue and parole in the early 20th century, was a French linguist.F18. A study of the features of the English used in Shakespeares time is an example of the diachronic study of language.F19.
8、Speech and writing came into being at much the same time in human history.F20. All the languages in the world today have both spoken and written forms.FIII. Fill in the blanks. (10%)21. Language, broadly speaking, is a means of _ verbal _ communication.22. In any language words can be used in new wa
9、ys to mean new things and can be combined into innumerable sentences based on limited rules. This feature is usually termed _ productivity / creativity_.23. Language has many functions. We can use language to talk about itself. This function is _ metalingual function _.24. Theory that primitive man
10、made involuntary vocal noises while performing heavy work has been called the _ yo-he-ho _ theory.25. Linguistics is the _ scientific _ study of language.26. Modern linguistics is _ descriptive _ in the sense that the linguist tries to discover what language is rather than lay down some rules for pe
11、ople to observe.27. One general principle of linguistic analysis is the primacy of _ speech _ over writing.28. The description of a language as it changes through time is a _ diachronic linguistic_ study.29. Saussure put forward two important concepts. _. langue _ refers to the abstract linguistic s
12、ystem shared by all members of a speech community.30. Linguistic potential is similar to Saussures langue and Chomskys _. competence_.IV. Explain the following terms, using examples. (20%)31. Design feature32. Displacement33. Competence34. Synchronic linguisticsV. Answer the following questions. (20
13、%)35. Why do people take duality as one of the important design features of human language? Can you tell us what language will be if it has no such design feature? （南开大学，2004）36. Why is it difficult to define language? （北京第二外国语大学，2004）VI. Analyze the following situation. (20%)37. How can a linguist
14、make his analysis scientific? （青岛海洋大学，1999）Key:In the reference keys, I wont give examples or further analysis. That seems too much work for me. Therefore, this key is only for reference. In order to answer this kind of question, you need more examples. So you should read the textbook carefully. icywarmteaI.15 BACCC 610 BACACII.1115 FFTFF
