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1、人教版高中英语必修五词汇表（含教材例句及词汇用法讲解）Book5 Unit 11. characteristic /krktrstk/n.C 特征；特性；特色Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children？(P1)谁用豌豆展示了人体特征是怎样由父母遗传给孩子的？2.radium/redm/ n. 镭Who discovered radium? (P1) 谁发现了镭？3.painter/pent/ n.C 画家；油漆匠3.painter/pent/ n.C 画
2、家；油漆匠Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people? (P1)哪位画家研究尸体来提高人体绘画技能？4.put forward 提出Who put forward a theory about black holes? (P1)谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？5.scientific /santfk/ adj. 科学的Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research?(P1)你知道怎样证实一个新的科学研究理念吗？6. co
3、nclude /knklud/ vt. & vi. 结束；推断出conclusion /knklun/ n.C 结论；结束7. analyse /nlaz/ vt. 分析Analysethe results ( P1)分析结果8. infect /nfekt/ vt. 传染；感染 infectious /nfeks/ adj. 传染的What do you know about infectious diseases? (P1)你对传染病了解些什么？9.cholera /klr/n. 霍乱What do you know about cholera? (P1)你对霍乱了解些什么？10. def
4、eat /dfit/ vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫JOHN SNOW DEFEAT “KINGCHOLERA”(P2)约翰斯诺战胜“霍乱王”11.expert /ekspt/ adj. 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的（反义词inexpert）John was a famous doctor in Londonso expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. (P2)约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成为照顾维多利亚女王的私人医生。12. attend /tend/ vt.&vi.照顾
5、；护理；出席；参加13.physician /fzn/ n. 医生；内科医师Heis under the care of a physician.他正接受一位内科医生的治疗.14.expose /kspz/ vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光Buthe became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(P2)但是他一想到能够帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，就感到很振奋。15.deadly /dedli/ adj. 致命的This was the deadly disease of its d
6、ay.(P2)这在当时是致命的疾病。16.cure /kj/ n.C治愈；痊愈;疗法vt. 治愈；治疗Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.P2人们既不了解它的病源，也不知道它的治疗方法。17.outbreak /atbrek/ n. 爆发；发作（尤指疾病或战争）So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(P2)所以每次霍乱爆发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。18.challenge /tlnd/ n. C; U挑战(性) vt. 向
7、挑战John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.(P2)约翰斯诺想面对挑战，解决这个问题。19.victim/vktm/ n. C受害者A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims.(P2)一股危险气体在空中到处飘浮，直到找到它的受害者为止。20.absorb /bs:b/ vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their
8、 bodies with their meals.(P2)第二种看法是人们在吃饭时把这种病毒吸入体内的。21. suspect /sspekt/ vt. 怀疑/sspekt/ n. C被怀疑者；嫌疑犯John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.(P2)约翰斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。22. enquiry/nkwar/ n. C询问So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin hi
9、s enquiry.(P2)因此在1854年伦敦再次爆发霍乱时，他就着手对此进行调研。23.neighbourhood /nebhd/n. U附近；邻近 C街区；城区As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information.(P2)当疾病在贫民区迅速蔓延时，约翰斯诺开始收集信息。24.severe /sv/adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that mor
10、e than 500 people died in ten days.(P2)特别在两条街上霍乱爆发的非常严重，十天之内就有500多人死亡。25clue /klu:/n. C线索；提示This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.(P2)这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。26.pump/pmp/ n. C泵；抽水机Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.(P2)许多死者都住在宽街的水泵附近。27. foresee /f:si:/ v
11、t. (foresaw; foreseen)预见；预知He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations.(P2)他未预料到这种情况，于是他进行了进一步调查。28.investigate /nvestget / vt. & vi. 调查 investigation /nvestgen/n. 调查29. blame /blem /vt. 责备；谴责n. U过失；责备It seemed that the water was to blame. (P2)看来水是罪魁祸首。30. pollute /plu:t/ vt. 污染；弄脏He
12、 found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.(P2)他发现水来自于河里，这条河被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。31. handle /hndl /n.柄；把手vt. 处理；操纵He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. (P2)他马上告诉惊慌失措的人们把水泵的把手拆掉。这样，水泵就用不成了。32.g
13、erm /dm/ n. C微生物；细菌He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloudof gas.(P2)他证明了霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。33. link /lk/vt. 连接；联系n. C连接；联系In another part of London,he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. (P3)在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死
14、亡病例中发现了有力的证据。34. announce /nans/ vt. 宣布；通知With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce withcertainty that polluted water carried the virus. (P3)有了这个特别的证据，约翰斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。35.certainty /stnt/ n. U 确信；确实36. instruct /nstrkt/ vt. 命令；指示；教导The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.(P3)自来水公司也接到指令，不能让人们再接触被污染的水了。37.responsible /rspnsbl/ adj. 有责任的；负责的38. construct /knstrkt/ vt. 建设；修建39. contribute /kntrbjut/ vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助; 投稿40. apart from 除之外；此外(=besides/except for)Apart from the construction mentioned above,
