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1、DirectspeechandIndirectspeech 汪桂芹201310 直接引语与间接引语 妈妈说 杰克是个好工人 Mothersaid Jackisagoodworker 妈妈说杰克是个好工人 MothersaidthatJackisagoodworker 直接引语 间接引语 Directspeech Indirectspeech 一 如何变人称 口诀 一随主 二随宾 第三不变 一随主 是指在直接引语变间接引语时 如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰 从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如 Shesaid Mybrotherwantstogoshoppingwithme S
2、hesaidherbrotherwantedtogoshoppingwithher 二随宾 是指直接引语变间接引语时 若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰 从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致 如果引号外的主句没有宾语 也可以用第一人称 如 HesaidtoKate Howisyoursisternow HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen 第三人称不更新 是指直接引语变间接引语时 如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如 Mr Smithsaid Jackisagoodboy Mr SmithsaidJackwasa
3、goodboy 二 如何变时态 直接引语在改为间接引语时 时态需要做相应的调整 1 一般现在时 一般过去时态 Shesaid Iamastudent Shesaid that shewasastudent 2 一般将来时 过去将来时Shesaid Hewillgotoseehisfriend Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend Tomsaid Iamgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow Tomsaidhewasgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow 3 现在进行时 过去进行时 Shesaid Iamreadingabook S
4、hesaidshewasreadingabook 注意 以下几种情况时态不变 直接引语是客观真理 Theteachersaid Theearthmovesaroundthesun Theteachersaidmetheearthmovesaroundthesunearth 直接引语中有具体的过去某年 某月 某日作状语 变为间接引语时 时态不变 如 Jacksaid IwasbornonApril2l 1980 直接引语是过去进行时 时态不变 Jacksaid IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseeme JacksaidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcam
5、etoseehim JacksaidhewasbornonApril21 1980 直接引语如果是一般现在时 表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作 变间接引语 时态不变 如 Hesaid Igetupatsixeverymorning 如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变 例 could should would might Thedoctorsaid Youshouldstayinbedfor2days ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days 和已经是过去时的形式时 例 oughtto hadbetter usedtoPetersaid Youhadb
6、ettercomeheretoday Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday 三 如何变状语 直接引语变间接引语 状语变化有其内在规律 时间状语由 现在 改为 原来 例 now变为then yesterday变为thedaybeforetoday变为thatdayHesaid Iwanttogoswimmingnow Hesaidhewantedtogoswimmingthen 地点状语 尤其表示方向性的 here变thereTheteachersaid Youshouldcomehereat7 00
7、TheteachersaidIshouldgothereat7 00 指示代词修饰的状语 由 此 改为 彼 例 this改为thatHesaid Thisbooksismine Hesaidthatbookwashis ago before thismorning thatmorningYesterday thedaybefore tomorrow thenextdaynextweek thefollowingweek thenextweekYesterdaymorning themorningbefore 谓语动词的变化 直接引语 Must Come bring 间接引语 hadto go
8、take Shesaid Iwillcomeherethisevening Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatevening 四 如何变句型 直接引语如果是陈述句 间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句 Shesaid Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes 直接引语如果是反意疑问句 选择疑问句或一般疑问句 间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句 Hesaid Canyouswim John HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim Doyo
9、ugotoschoolbybusorbybike HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike 直接引语如果是特殊问句 间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句 宾语从句必须用陈述句语序 Sheaskedme Whendotheyhavetheirdinner Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner Sheaskedme WhatwasJackdoingwhenIcomein SheaskedmewhatJackwasdoingwhenshecamein 直接引语如果是祈使句 间接引语应改为 Tell ask order beg
10、等 sb not todosth 句型 如 1 Don tmakeanynoise theteachersaidtothestudents Shetold ordered thestudentsnottomakeanynoise 2 Openthedoor please saidshe Sheaskedhimtoopenthedoor 直接引语如果是以 Let s 开头的祈使句 变为间接引语时 通常用 suggest 动句词 或从句 如 Hesaid Let sgotothemovies Hesuggestedgoingtothemovies 或Hesuggestedthattheyshoul
11、dgotoseethemovies Exercise 1 Inevereatmeat hesaid Hesaidthat never meat 2 I vefoundmywallet hesaidtome He methathe wallet 3 Itookithomewithme shesaid Shesaidthat ithomewithher 4 Theteachersaid Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest Theteachersaidthatthesun intheeastand downinthewest 5 Imetheryeste
12、rday hesaidtome He methathe mettheday 6 Youmustcomeherebeforefive hesaid HesaidthatI togo beforefive 7 Iboughtthehouse10yearsago hesaid Hesaidthathe boughtthehouse10years he ate told had Found his she had taken rise goes told had before had before had there 8 Didyouseeherlastweek hesaid He Ihadseenh
13、ertheweek 9 Hesaid Youcansithere Jim He Jimthathe sitthere10 Heasked Howdidyoufindit mother Heaskedhermother foundit 11 Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays heasked Heaskedme been days 12 Doyouknowwhereshelives heasked Heasked knewwhereshe 13 Stopmakingsomuchnoise children hesaid He thechildren makingsomuchnoise 14 Don ttellhimthenews shesaid Shetoldme himthenews 15 Areyouintestedinthis hesaid He Iwasinterestdin if asked told before she could where how had i had those lived i if stop to told to not asked tell if that
