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1、TheAttributiveClauses 1 由关系代词 who whom which that as whose 引导的定语从句 1 Theboy isstandingoverthereisTom who2 Thewatch isonthetableisJohn s which3 Theman youmetjustnowisMr Li whom4 Thisisthepen Iboughtyesterday which5 Thisisthegirl parentsareteachers whose6 Thebook coverisblueishis whose7 Thisisall Ican
2、doforyou that8 Ihavethesamebook Tomhas as 只能用that 不用which的情形 当先行词为anything nothing something everything all little much等不定代词时 当先行词前有all every no some any little much few theonly thevery thelast等词修饰词修饰时 当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 当先行词既有表示人又有表示事物的词时 当句子前面有who which进行特殊提问时 Eg 1 Thisisthebestfilm Ihaveeverseen
3、2 Tom sthefirstboy cameintotheroom 3 Isthereanything Icandoforyou 4 Thisistheverybook Iwanttoget 5 Theytalkedthepeopleandthethings theybothknewverywell 6 Whichisthebook youlikebest 答案均为that 只用which 不用that的情况 a 引导非限制性定语从句 逗号隔开 时 b 引导词前有介词时 c 一个句子中若有两个定语从句 一个用that引导 另一个用which引导 e g Heboughtabookthatco
4、uldgivehimmuchknowledgeandwhichcouldhelphimtokillthetime 2 由 介词 关系代词 whom which 引导的定语从句 1 Theman youtalkedjustnowisMr Wu to withwhom2 Thisistheroom Tomwasborn inwhich3 Thisisthewindow thethiefranaway throughwhich4 Thisistheman youwillwork withwhom5 Ilostthepen Iwrotetheletter withwhich6 Leifengisago
5、odexample wecanlearnalot fromwhom7 Idon tliketheway hetalkswithothers inwhich 3 由关系副词 when where why 引导的定语从句 1 I llneverforgettheday Ijoinedthearmy when2 Thisisthefactory myfatherusedtowork where3 Idon tthereason hewaslateforschool why4 I llrememberthedays westayedtogetherinthecountry when5 Thisisth
6、eschool Tomstudies where6 Thisisthereason herefusedthegift why7 Thisistheway hedid that 4 非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句对被修饰词起到限制 修饰的作用 一般不可缺少 非限制性定语从句起补充 附带说明作用 缺少也不会影响全句的理解 e g 1 Shesaidshehadfinishedherwork whichIdoubtedverymuch 2 I vegotsomepersonalaffairsthatIhavetodealwith 1 Alice youhavemetsomewhere cameto
7、seemeyesterday who2 TheyvisitedtheGreatWallofChina isfamousallovertheworld which3 Tomlefthomewithouttellinganyone madeusveryworried which4 weallknow Tomisacleverboy As5 Hegaveadvice some isuseful ofwhich6 Tomlivesinaroom thewindows facetothesea ofwhich7 Theysentmefiftybooks twenty arestorybooksofwhi
8、ch 补充练习题1 Thisisthefactory wevisitedlastSummer which2 Thisisthefactory theTVsetsweremade where3 Thisisthefactoryat Ilearnedsomeusefulskills which4 I llneverforgetthedays wespenttogetherinthecountry which5 I llneverforgetthedays IlivedinLondon when6 I llneverforgetthedaysduring westudiedtogetherinthe
9、school which 7 Thisisthereason hedidn tgotoschoolyesterday why8 Thisisthereason hegaveforhisbeinglateforclassyesterday which9 Thisisthereason hedidn tattendthepartyfor which10 Idon tliketheway hetalkswithothers that11 Healwaysdoeseverythingintheway doesn tdoharmtoothers which12 Iwanttobuythesamebook
10、 youhave as 如何正确选用定语从句中的引导词 要做到正确的选用定语从句中的引导词 必须有两个知识基础 一是要认识到任何从句一定是个意思完整的句子 二是要掌握和熟悉简单句的几种基本句型 有了这两点认识的话 我提出在选用定语从句中的引导词的过程中 一定要注重对定语从句部分进行句子成分的划分和理解及判别 下面我就谈谈大致的几个操作步骤 Step1 在整个句子中准确的找到定语从句部分 包括待填的引导词在内 划分除去待填的引导词之外的句子成分 进而依据句子的完整性确定该引导词应充当什么成分 Step2 在上一步骤中如果确定引导词该做主语 宾语或表语的话 就该选用关系代词 如果确定引导词只是充当
11、状语的话 就该选用关系副词 Step3 在上一步中如果确定了选用关系代词的话 再看前面的先行词是表示人还是事物 如果是修饰人就确定用who 主语 whom 宾语 如果是修饰事物的话就确定选用which 主语或宾语 既可引导修饰人又可引导修饰事物的是that 主语或宾语 在上一步骤中如果确定引导词只是充当状语的话 再看前面的先行词是表示何种感念的词 如果是表示场所的词 就该选用where 如果是表示时间的词 就该选用when 如果是表示原因的词 reason 就该选用why 从以上步骤可以看出关键是要能正确的分析出定语从句部分的句子成分 下面我就常见的一些可能出现的句型情况分析如下 1 先行词
12、谓语 不及物动词 此时引导词该做主语 应选用关系代词 1 Theboy isstandingoverthereisTom 2 Thebook isfallingoffthedeskismine 2 先行词 谓语 宾语 此时引导词该做主语 应选用关系代词 1 Thegirl isplayingtennisismysister 2 Theman gavemeabookjustnowisProfessorLi 3 先行词 系 表 此时引导词该做主语 应选用关系代词 1 Thewatch isonthetableisJohn s 2 Theboy isthetallestinourclassisLiP
13、ing 4 先行词 主语 谓语 及物动词 此时引导词该做及物动词后的宾语 应选关系代词 1 Theman youmetjustnowisTom sfather 2 Thisisthepen Iboughtyesterday 3 Ilikethedictionary myfathersentmeonmybirthday 5 先行词 主语 系 此时引导词该做表语 应选用关系代词 1 Ihaveneverseensuchalazyboy youare 6 先行词 主语 谓语 不及物动词 介词 此时引导词做介词后的宾语 应选用关系代词 常常这时介词可与可以提到关系代词前面去 1 Theman yout
14、alkedwithjustnowisMr Wu 2 Thisisthewindow thethiefranawaythrough 3 Theroom hewasborninwasveryold 4 Thisisthemanager youwillworkfor 7 先行词 主语 谓语 宾语 介词 此时引导词做介词后的宾语 应选用关系代词 这种情况下介词往往都可以提到关系代词前面去 1 Thisistheshopin Iboughtmycomputerlastyear 2 LeiFengisagoodexamplefrom wecanlearnalot 3 Thisisthepenwith Iw
15、rotetheletterlastnight 8 先行词 主语 谓语 不及物动词 此时引导词既不做主语也不做宾语 只可能充当状语 就该选用关系副词 1 Thisisthefactory myfatherusedtowork 2 Thisistheroom Luxunwasborn 3 Iwillneverforgetthedays westayedtogetherinthecountry 4 October 1st1949wastheday thePeople sRepublicofChinawasfounded 5 Idon tknowthereason hedidn tcomeyester
16、day 9 先行词 主语 谓语 宾语 此时引导词既不做主语也不做宾语 只可能充当状语 该选用关系副词 1 Thisisthebookstore Iboughtmydictionarylastyear 2 Iwillneverforgettheday Ijoinedthearmy 3 Doyouknowthereason herefusedthegift 10 先行词 主语 系动词 表语 此时引导词也只可能充当状语 应选用关系副词 1 Iwillrememberthedays youwereonlyachild 2 Idon tknowthereason hewaslateforthemeetingyesterday 语法填空题 1 isknowntoall Chinaisalargecountry 2 agriculture Scienceoffarmingwasfirst 3 study here JiaSiXie 4 livedinthe6thcenturyAD wasoneofthefarmingpioneers Afterhefinishedhisworkforthegover
