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1、1 何为定语从句 定语从句 AttributiveClause定语可以由形容词 代词 数词 名词 介词短语等来担任 如果一个句子担任定语 这个句子就叫定语从句 定语从句可以修饰名词或代词 还能修饰整个句子 如1 Themanwho that camefirstisJohn 修饰名词man2 Thehandkerchiefwhich that yougavemewasn tclean 修饰名词handkerchief3 Myfatherdoesmorningexerciseeveryday whichisgoodforhishealth 修饰整个句子 2 定语从句的构成 定语从句所修饰的词叫作先
2、行词 而引导定语从句的词叫关系词 关系代词和关系副词 关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句 如 Therewasayoungmanwholikedpaintings 句中 who为关系代词 定语从句wholikedpaintings修饰先行词ayoungman 再如 ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear 句中 where为关系副词 定语从句whereIlivedlastyear修饰先行词thehouse 3 关系词以及注意点 关系代词有which that who m whose 关系副词有when where why注意 关系词既代替前面的先行词在从句中担任一
3、定的成分 又把两个句子连接起来 构成一个带有定语从句的主从复合句 例如 两个简单句Thankyoufortherecord Yougavemetherecord 主从复合句Thankyoufortherecordwhich that yougaveme Thankyoufortherecordwhich that yougavemetherecord F Thankyoufortherecordwhich that yougaveittome F 说明 关系代词which that代替前面的先行词therecord 已经在从句中担任宾语 所以再在从句中加therecord或it就重复了 4 关
4、系词如何用 关系代词当关系代词在从句中作主语时 指人用关系代词who that 指物用which that 如 Themanwho thatsatbesidemewasexcited Thecarwhich thatisoverthereismyfavorite 当关系代词在从句中作宾语时 指人用关系代词whom that who 非正式 指物用关系代词which that 口语中可以省略 如 Thedoctorwhom that shevisitedisfamous Theblousewhich that shetriedonwassmall 当关系代词在从句中作定语 表示所有关系时 用wh
5、ose 既指人也指物 如 Iliveinahousewhosedoorfaceswest Iknowawomanwhosedaughterdied 4 关系词如何用 注意 在下列情况下 无论关系代词在定语从句中是作主语还是宾语 指人还是指物 都用that1 先行词带有最高级形容词 或有only all等词修饰时 如 ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen Youaretheonlypersonthatcanhelpme 2 先行词为all something anything等不定代词时 如 Youcantakeanythingthatyoulike Alltha
6、tIhaveisgivenbymyparents 3 先行词既指人又指物时 如 Doyouknowthepeopleandthingsthattheyaretalkingabout 4 关系词如何用 关系副词关系副词when where why分别表示时间 地点和原因 在定语从句中起状语的作用 如 Hetoldmethedatewhenthemeetingwouldbeheld 相当于onwhich Thisistheplacewhereheworks 相当于atwhich Nooneknowsthereasonwhyhesuddenlydied 注意 如果先行词是reason 关系词为why
7、 that或省略 Thereasonwhy that hechangedhismindisnotclear Thereasonwhy that shedidn tgetthejobwasthatherEnglishwasnotgood 5 更多的例句 1 Thehousewhich that standsonthehillismine 山上的那所房子是我的 关系代词在从句中作主语 2 Iknowtheboywhoseparentsaredead 我认识那个父母双亡的小男孩 关系代词在从句中作定语 修饰parents 3 ThisistheparkwhereIlostmywallet 这就是我丢
8、失钱包的公园 关系副词在从句中作地点状语 相当于there inthepark 4 Hedecidedtomovetoabigcitywherehecouldfindabetterjob 他决定移居到一个可以找到更好工作的大城市 5 Thewomanwho that isspeakingatthemeetingismymother 正在会上讲话的妇女是我的妈妈 6 基础练习 把下面的句子改成定语从句 1 Iknowtheboy HecanspeakEnglishwell 2 Maryboughtalittlebird Itwasverypretty 3 Theseasonissummer It
9、comesafterspring 4 Ihaveafriend Hisfatherisateacher5 Thatbuildingismyuncle shouse Itswalliswhite 6 Heisasinger Ilikehissongsverymuch 7 ThemanwasAmerican Ispoketohimyesterday 8 Ican tfindthehouse Myfriendlivesinit 9 Iknowtheboy Youarelookingforhim 10 Thisisthetown Hewasborninthetown 6 基础练习 选择 1 Istha
10、tthehouse youboughtlastyear A whereB Which2 Isthatthepicture youarelaughingat A WhichB where3 Itisthemostinterestingbook I lleverread A whichB that4 Thestreet istotheparkisverynarrow A whereB which Key 1 B2 A3 B4 B 6 基础练习 5 Theperson findsmywatchwillgetareward A whoB when6 Thisistheroom welistenedto
11、thelecture A whichB where7 Theboy motherisillcannotcometotheparty A WhoB Whose8 Tellmethereason youarelate A whichB why Key 5 A6 B7 B8 B 6 基础练习 填空 1 Lookatthatlady nameisPochi 2 Heisateacher Ilikeverymuch 3 Thosepictures weredrawnbyTomarenice 4 Those willgototheparkstayhere 5 Thatwasallthemoney Ihad
12、 6 Tomisthefirstboy lefttheroom 7 Lookattheboyandhisdog arecomingthisway 8 Youcanreadanybook Ihave 9 Thatwastheyear IwenttoAmerica 10 wecametothetown westayedfor2hours Key 1 whose2 whom that 3 which that4 who5 that6 that7 that8 that 9 when10 where 6 基础练习 翻译1 他指给我看他丢钱包的地方 Heshowedmetheplacewherehelosthiswallet 2 我不认识那个和你说话的女孩Idon tknowthegirlwhom thatyouspeakto 3 她是一个叫玛丽的女孩 SheisagirlwhoiscalledMary 4 那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友 Thoseboyswhoareplayingtennisaremyfriends 5 你记不记得我们到这儿的那一天 Doyourememberthedaywhenwearrivedhere
