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1、2019年初中英语语法考点总复习 (名师总结必考语法点+实战训练，建议下载练习)一、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、代词、数词、形容词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。、名词(n.)： 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, 英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类：1)专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。如：Beijing, Tom, the Peoples Republic of China专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如：the Great Wall姓氏名词如果采用复数形式,则表示该
2、姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。2）普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下：在单数名词词尾加s。如：map maps,boy boys,horse horses, table tables.s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如：classclasses, boxboxes, heroheroes, dishdishes, benchbenches.注意：少数以o结尾的词,变复数时只加s。如：photophotos, pianopianos.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：familyfamilies, cit
3、ycities, partyparties.以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：shelfshelves, wolfwolves, lifelives, knifeknives.不规则变化：manmen, womanwomen, sheepsheep, toothteeth, fishfish, childchildren, oxoxen, goosegeese不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。如：a bag of ricetwo bags of rice, a piece of paperthree pieces of paper, a bottle
4、 of milkfive bottles of milk. 永远不可数名词巧计：消息说他工作进步老板奖他许多钱，他得到建议如果天气好，他要去买家具，设备，行李。现在他在家喝牛奶听音乐，多么乐趣呀 3）名词所有格：名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加s。如：Childerns Day(儿童节), my sisters book(我姐姐的书)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加。如：Teachers Day(教师节)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加s. 如：todays newsp
5、aper(今天的报纸), ten minutes break(十分钟的课间休息),Chinas population(中国的人口).无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。如：a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).注意： s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunts(我阿姨家), the doctors(诊所) 两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and Bs 的形式,如：Lucy and Lilys bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室) Jims and Kates aunts 吉姆的阿姨和凯特的阿姨 “of+名词所
6、有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：a friend of my fathers(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)4）名词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：主语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式：如：The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做
7、句子主语时,如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：My family is a very big one.如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：My family like watching TV.Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。如：There is a sheep in the yard. / There are some sheep in the yard.Maths , news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数：The news is very exciting. (这个消
8、息令人兴奋)glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如：The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)专项练习：一、写出下列名词的复数形式：1. pencil-box _ 2. wife _ 3 . Sunday_ 4. city_ 5. dress _ 6. Englishman _ 7. match _ 8. Chinese _9. zoo _10. exam_ 11. German _二、单选1. June 1st is _ Day a
9、ll over the world.A. Childs B. Childs C. Childrens D. Childrens2. September 10th is _ Day in China， isnt it？A. Teachers B. TeachersC. Teacher D. Teacher of3. _ is made of _.A. Glass； glass B. A glass；glass C. Glasses；glasses D. A glass； glasses4. This is _ news.A. such a good B. a very good C. so go
10、od a D. such good5. What _ it is！ Lets go swimming.A. a fine weather B. fine day C. a fine day D. bad weather6. They like Chinese _.A. food and peoples B. foods and people C. foods and people D. food and people7. Lucy and I go to school _ every day.A. on feet B. on foot C. by foots D. by buses8. Are
11、 those _？ -No， they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep； cows B. sheep； cow C. sheeps； cow D. sheeps； cows9. What are you listening to， Jane？ _ or _？A. a music； a news B. music； news C.a music； news D. music； a news10. How many _ and _ are there in your class？A. boy student； girl ones B. girls students； boys o
12、nesC. boys student； girl one D. girl students； boy ones11. A group of _ are talking with two _ over there.A. Frenchmen； Germans B. Frenchmen； GermenC. German； Frenchmen D. Germans； Frenchmans12. That bus driver drank two _.A. glass of water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea D. cup of tea13. Mrs. S
13、mith is an old friend of _.A. Bobs mother B. Bobs mothers C. mother of Bob D. Bob mothers14. The tall man with a big nose is _ teacher.A. Tom and Carl B. Toms and Carls C. Tom and Carls15. There is _ tree in our school.A. a 8-meters-tall B. an 8-meter-tall C. an 8 meters tall 三、按中文意思填空1. _(李明的)paren
14、ts work in a big hospital.2. This is _ (我妹妹的) Chinese book.3. _ (我的姐姐和弟弟的)rooms are very nice.4. _ (王平和王明的) father is a hotel manager.5. Is this _(你的好朋友的)pen ?6. They are_(Peter 和Sam的) teachers.7. _ _(教师节) is on September 10th. .8. _ _(学生们的) desks and chairs are very new.9. _ _(赵敏的) shoes are white.10. _(John和Sally的)mothers are American.11. _(Tony哥哥的)computer is broken.12、Its _ (妇女节) on March 8th.
