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1、最新资料推荐 初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案 注意！宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。一、基本讲解1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what
2、you said. (介词宾语)2.连接词(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We a
3、re talking about whether well go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。E.g. Could you tell me whats the matterwrong with you? 特殊情况：当do
4、 you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词do you think陈述句语序。3.宾语从句时态a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）?b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：I didnt know （if/whether he had seen the film.）注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：He said （that
5、the earth moves round the sun.）The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.）4.、人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如： “May I use your knife？”He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. He a
6、sked me if I know her telephone number.b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如： Who will give us a talk? I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk. Do you know？Where does he live? Do you know where he lives?二、宾语从句的转化1.2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如
7、：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词不定式结构”。例如：I dont know which sweater I should buy.I dont know which sweater to buy.3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主
8、语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如：Could you tell me how to get to the park?4. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/
9、lying on the ground. 能力提高练习1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether hell come 3. Could you tell me _the nearest
10、 hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 6
11、. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _?A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I dont know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players
12、 C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children dont know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I cant understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C.
13、what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 11. I dont know _ he will be back home. A. who B. what C. when D. where12. Could you tell me _?A. where do you live B. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting for D. where you live in13. Do you still remember _?A. that he said B. what he said C
14、. did he say that D. what did he say14. I cant understand _the boy alone.A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left15. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen16. They tried to find out _ the new train _.A. how far/ had gone B. how long/ has gone C. how far/ went D. how far / had run17. The manager came up to see _.A. what was the matter
