《初升高衔接情态动词》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初升高衔接情态动词（4页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、1初升高衔接 情态动词情态动词：can, could, may, might,must,ought to, shall, will,would, need ,dare 表示说话人的情感和态度。 不受主语人称和数的变化影响；和动词的原形一起构成谓语。情态动词的基本用法1. 表能力，can/be able to 代替。can 只有两种时态形式，现在式 can 和过去式 could，而 be able to 有多种时态形式。be able to 也可表达能力，但常用来表达在某件事情中所表现出来的能力，尤指克服困难能够完成某事。Mary can play the piano. She has been
2、 able to play it since she was 5.玛丽会弹钢琴。她五岁起就会弹了。2.表允许。Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？He asked whether he could take the book out of the readingroom.他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。3表委婉。Could/ wouldCan (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗？ Would you like another glass of beer? 再来杯啤酒好吗？Would you mind c
3、leaning the window? 请把窗户擦一下好吗？4.表可能. May He may be at home. 他可能在家。=Meybe he is at home.She may not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。5.表意志。must 和 have to “必须” must 表示主观意志，而 have to 表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。must 没有过去式，除在间接引语中可用于表示过去时间，在直接引语中表示过去时间应该用 had to 代替。I told her that she must give up smoking. 我叫她必须戒烟。We had to
4、 get everything ready that night. 我们那晚得把一切准备就绪。-Must we hand in our exercisebooks now? 我们现在就要交练习本吗？-No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to.不必。6.表猜测。在肯定句中一般用 must (一定)，may（可能） ，might / could（也许，或许） 。表肯定推测,按可能性由大到小依次为:must should / ought tomaymightcould。It is cold in the room. They must have turned of
5、f the heating. 屋里很冷，他们肯定把暖气关了。（1）.对将来的推测，用“情态动词 + 动词原形”。 She may arrive before 5. 她可能 5:00 前到。（2）.对现在的推测， “情态动词 +be doing”或“ 情态动词 + 动词原形”。He must be listening to the radio now. 他一定正在听收音机。 He cant not be at home at this time. 这个时候他肯定不在家。（3）对过去的推测，用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”。It must have rained last night .T
6、he ground is wet. 地湿了，昨晚肯定下雨了。The door was locked. He can not have been at home . 门锁着，他肯定不在家。（4）.表推测的反意疑问句，就是以情态动词后的时态为淮。以 must 为例：1. You must be hungry now, arent you? 2. He must be watching TV , isnt he ?3 Tom must have lived her for a long time, hasnt he ?4. She must have arrived yesterday, didnt
7、 she?7. 表征询，shall 用于第一、第三人称疑问句。Shall I get you some tea? 我给你点茶好吗？ What shall we do this evening? 我们今晚做什么？8. 表意愿，will 用于各种人称陈述句。 I will do anything for you. 我愿为你做任何事。If you will read the book, Ill lend it to you. 如果你愿意读这本书，我会把它借给你。9. 表义务, should /ought to should 意为“应该”（某件事宜于做） ，用于各种人称。ought to 意为“应该”
8、（因责任、义务等该做） ，口气比 should 稍重。You should be polite to your teachers. 你对老师应该有礼貌。 You shouldnt waste any time. 你不应该浪费时间。You are his father. You ought to take care of him. 你是他父亲，应当管他。 You oughtnt to smoke so much. 你不应该抽这么多烟。9. 表习惯：would 和 used to used to 动作或状态，现在不发生或存在。而 would 只表过去的情况。People used to think
9、 that the earth was flat. 过去人们认为地球是平的。 （现在人不这么认为。 ）She would go out for a walk in the morning when she was in the country.在乡下时，她总是在早晨去散会儿步。 （可能仍散步）10.表责备 should /ought to have +done”表责备“本应该做某事却没做” shouldnt /ought not to have +done”表责备“本不应该做某事做了” 。例如：She should / ought to have attended your birthday
10、party, but she had to look after 2her mother in hospital. 她本该出席你的生日晚会的，可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈。 （该做而没做）Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm.汤姆本不该告诉我你的秘密，可是他并无恶意。 （不该做而做了）11.need 和 dare 的用法need 和 dare 既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式。1）.用作情态动词 -Need I
11、come? -Yes, you must. -我需要来吗？ - 需要。 You neednt telephone him now.She dare not go out alone at night. 她晚上不敢一个人出去。 Not one of them dared mention this. 他们谁也不敢提这件事。2）.用作实义动词 You dont need to do it yourself. 你不必亲自做这件事。 We need to tell them the news. 我们需要把这消息告诉他们。We should dare to give our own opinion. 我们
12、要敢于提出自己的观点。 He did not dare (to)look up. 他不敢抬头看。一，单选1)A computer _think for itself, it must be told what to do.A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not2).The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to3)-Where is my uncle, Mary? -He
13、_ in the bedroom.A. must have been B. must be C. may have been D. should have been4)Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. must B. may C. can D. will5) -That must be a mistake. -No, it _ a mistake.A. must not be B. neednt be C. can not be D. would not be6) Its nearly 7 oclock. Da
14、d _ come home soon.A. can B. could C. would D. should7)-Are you coming to Jeffs party? -Im not sure. I _ go to the concert tonight.A. must B. would C. should D. might8)You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt9)Johnny, you_ play with the knife,
15、 you _ hurt yourself.A. wont; cant B. mustnt; may C. shouldnt, must D. cant; shouldnt10).I didnt hear the phone. I _ asleep.A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been11).I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning. She _ at the meeting.A. mustnt have spoken B. shouldnt have spoken C. neednt have spoken D. couldnt have spoken12).I cant find Mr. Smith anywhere in the office building. Where _ he have gone?A. must B. can C. should D. need13.May I sit beside you
