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1、国际贸易_名词解释（International trade terms to explain _）International Trade (also called World Trade) refers to the commodity exchange activities carried out by the countries of the world (or regions). It includes the exchange of tangible products (physical goods), and also includes the exchange of intangi
2、ble products (labor, technology, consulting, etc.).Foreign trade (also referred to as import and export trade) refers to the exchange activities of products, services and technologies carried out by a country (or region) with other countries (or regions) in the course of international trade activiti
3、es.Import trade: importing foreign goods or services into the domestic market.Export trade: Exporting Domestic goods or services to foreign markets.Transit trade: the commodities of a country are transported through the territory of a country to the market of a country, which is transit trade to the
4、 country of C. Because of the hindering effect of transit trade on international trade, WTO member countries do not engage in cross-border trade at present.The general trade system, also known as the general trade system, is the standard of foreign trade by goods passing through the border. All good
5、s entering the territory of the country are recorded as imports, referred to as total imports; all goods exported from their own countries are designated as exports, which are called total exports, and the sum of them is the total amount of trade.Special trade system is also called the special trade
6、 system, in the territory of foreign trade statistics as standard. The customs customs regulations refers to a countrys entire force field. So the customs and border may differ, for example in the bonded area and free trade area that is greater than the border territory, and in several countries of
7、a customs union, common external tariffs, free trade within the mutual exemption of tariffs, the territory is larger than that of the border.The comparison between the general price level of a countrys export commodities and the general price level of import commodities. The terms of trade is a rela
8、tive concept. To some extent, the terms of trade can reflect the changing trend of the price advantage and competitive ability of the country. In practical calculations, prices are generally expressed in terms of indices.The amount of foreign trade (value), which is the scale of the import and expor
9、t of a country in a certain period of time, is an important indicator to measure the foreign trade situation of a country.The difference between the total amount of merchandise exports in a certain period of time and the total amount of imports in a country with trade balance is called the balance o
10、f foreign trade. When the total exports more than imports, the difference is called trade surplus, also can become a trade surplus;When the total imports of goods exceed the total amount of export goods, the difference is called the trade deficit, also known as the trade deficit;If imports and expor
11、ts are equal, it is called trade balance.The volume of foreign trade is an index to eliminate the influence of price and accurately reflect the actual quantity change of a countrys foreign trade. It can accurately reflect the actual scale of a countrys foreign trade. The specific calculation is: to
12、determine the fixed year based price index to total removal period of exports or imports, obtained is equivalent to the calculated at constant prices of imports or exports, foreign trade is called period. Its equation is:Foreign trade volume = import trade / import price index + export trade volume
13、/ export price indexCommodity structure of international trade refers to the proportion of commodities of various categories in the whole amount of international trade, usually expressed by their proportion in the worlds total exports or total imports.Commodity structure of foreign trade refers to t
14、he share of all kinds of import and export commodities in a certain period of time in the whole countrys import and export trade. The commodity structure of a countrys foreign trade is mainly determined by the level of economic development, industrial structure, natural resources and trade policies.
15、 The foreign trade commodity structure in developed countries is the import of primary products, the export of manufactured goods; the characteristics of foreign trade structure in developing countries is to export primary products, imports of manufactured goods.The geographical orientation of forei
16、gn trade (also known as the geographical distribution of foreign trade) refers to a certain period of time in the world some countries or regions in the foreign trade of goods in a country occupies the position,Generally speaking, the proportion of the commodities in these countries or regions in the total import and export trade of the country is expressed. Geographical orientation of foreign trade is mar
