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1、初三英语9B Chapter2知识精讲一. 本周教学内容：9B Chapter 2Language条件状语从句虚拟语气（1）引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如：If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。unless = if notLets go out for a walk unless you are too tired. 如果你不累的话，让我们出去走走
2、。If you are not too tired, lets go out for a walk. 如果你不太累，让我们出去走走。（2）学习条件状语从句应注意：条件状语从句中一般不使用将来时态，尽管主句使用将来时态，而从句用一般现在时或现在完成时。【例】I will come to see you if I have time.如果我有时间，我就来看你。If the rain stops, I shall go out for a walk.如果雨停了，我就出去散步。（3）条件状语从句中的省略。【例】Come tomorrow if possible. 可能的话，明天来。I will buy
3、 a DVD set if necessary.必要的话，我就买一台DVD。除了if之外,还有其他连词也可以引导条件状语从句1. unless conj.除非，若不，除非在的时候Unless it rains, the game will be played.除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。2. on condition（that）.在条件下，如果on condition （that）.引导的条件从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.我可以告诉你真相，条件
4、是你答应保守秘密。 3. supposing conj.如果,假如supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件。Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting? 倘若下雨，我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?4. provided conj.假如，除非，以为条件provided （that） +从句，表示一种假设条件。He wont be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance.如果我们提前征求一下他的意见，他就不会在会上反对我
5、们。从上述例句可以看出if, unless, on condition （that）, supposing, provided等词引导的条件状语从句，主从句条件关系分明，结构清晰。但有些句子，虽没有含条件关系的连词，却也隐含着条件关系，这些句子常用一些词，如but for, without等引出一个介词结构来表示条件，条件常常是虚拟的，或与事实相反的假设。如：but for 若非，要不是But for your help, we should not have finished in time.要不是你帮忙，我们肯定不能及时完成。条件状语从句在虚拟语气中的使用【例】If I were to I
6、 should first of all get the experts to discuss the plan.如果我真的想做这事，我首先会找专家们讨论我的计划。（1）表示与现在的情况相反，或将来实现的可能性很小，if从句用过去式（动词be多用were这个形式），主句用“wouldshouldcouldmight动词原形”。例如：If I had money, I should lend you some.If I were you, I should attend the meeting. If Mary saw him, she would be happy.They would hea
7、r better if you spoke louder.If places _ alike, there would be little need for geographers. A. being B. are C. be D. were 如果各地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。在表示将来情况的虚拟条件句中，还可以用“wereto 不定式”或“should动词原形”。If he were to come, what should we say to him.If he should see me, he would know me.Jean doesnt want to work right
8、 away because she thinks that if she _ a job, she probably wouldnt be able to see her friends very often. A） has to getB） were to get C） had got D） could have got 吉不想立刻工作，因为她想：如果她得到一份工作，她就不能经常去看她的朋友了。（2）表示与过去的事实相反，从句用过去完成时，主句用“wouldshouldcouldmighthave过去分词”。如：If I had had time last night, I should h
9、ave come to see you.He would never have behaved like that if he had had an education. If the policeman had arrived earlier, he would have seen the accident. 要是警察更早些到达，他就能见到事故了。 从句主句与现在事实相反If+主语+过去式wouldshouldcouldmight动词原形与过去事实相反If+主语+had+过去分词wouldshouldcouldmighthave过去分词与将来事实相反If+主语+过去式/should + V.
10、/were to + V. wouldshouldcouldmight动词原形（3）注意如果以上两类条件句中含有助动词、情态动词，be或have, 则常常不用if，而用倒装结构： _ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party. A） Had they arrived B） Would they arrive C） Were they arriving D） Were they to arrive 如果我们后天走之前他们到达的话，我们就举行一次丰盛的宴会。可以用with, wi
11、thout, otherwise, but for 等短语代替if条件从句。Without water, there would be no living things.But for your help, we couldnt have succeed.课堂练习1. If you _ the movie that late last night, you would not be so sleepy now. A. havent watched B. didnt watch C. hadnt watch D. wouldnt have watched2. I would have gone
12、swimming yesterday afternoon if I _time. A. had B. have had C. had had D. would have had3. If it _,the crops would be saved. A. should rain B. would rain C. will rain D. were to rain4. If she _tomorrow, I would tell her the news. A. come B. would come C. to come D. should come5. If she _ more polite
13、, she _less trouble. A. had been, would have had B. was, would have had C. were, hadnt had D. were, would have6. Without your help, we _in such a short time. A. will not do it B. did not do it C. cannot have done it D. wouldnt have done it7. Were the shirt cheaper, I _ it. A. should buy B. should ha
14、ve bought C. buy D. bought8. What _, if there were no sun, air or water? A. would be happened B. would happen C. happened D. happen9. If the sun _ rise in the west, my love for you would be changed one day. A. will B. were C. were to D. shall10. If he _ a gentleman, he _ things like that. A. were, would not have said B. would be, would
