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1、2011中考英语三轮复习-中考阅读理解语义理解性题目解题方法及练习语义理解性题目：题目要求对文中个别单词、关键词、词组或句子做出解释。解答这类题目时需要对有关的上下文，甚至整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解才能做出正确答案。对于这类题目我们可以用下面的解题方法来解答：（1）快速阅读文章后的45道题目，并将题目中的关键词（一般为实词，含有重要信息）用笔划下来。这样做的目的有两个：一是获得将要阅读的文章的大概意思，二是为解题做好准备。 （2） 快速阅读原文。一边阅读一边划出文章中的含有重要信息的词、短语或句子。如果将文章中的重要信息都划出来了，到第三步解题时寻找所需信息就容易了。这比盲目地寻找方便
2、得多。 （3）根据文章中所阐述的事实细节和上下文的暗示与线索进行综合分析，然后做出推断预测或得出合情合理的结论。因此，考生必须细读全文，不仅要懂得文章的表层意义，还要理解深层的内含；不仅要掌握作者的观点倾向，还要获取字里行间隐含的信息。但同时必须提醒考生的是切忌无根无据地随意猜想或推理，把白的东西说成是黑的，把自己的观点当作是作者的。也就是说你所做的每一个推断或引申都应该是合情合理的，具有充分依据的。 Passage 1Weve talked about snails (蜗牛) and their slow move. But much of the time snails dont move
3、 at all. They are in their shells (壳) sleeping.Hot sun will dry out a snails body. So at the least sign of hot sun, a snail draws its body into his shell. A snail will die in a heavy rain. So when it rains, a snail does the same thing, too. A snail can sleep for as long as it needs to. It spends all
4、 the winter months in its shell, asleep.In the spring the snail wakes up. Its body, about three inches long, comes out from the shell. When hungry, the snail looks for food. Its eyes, at the end of the top feelers (触角), are very weak. But its sense (感觉) of smell is very strong. It helps the snail to
5、 find food and the new greens.A snails mouth is no bigger than the point of a pin (大头针). Yet it has 256,000 teeth! The teeth are very small, and you cant see them. If you put a snail in a hard paper box, it will eat its way out! And if a snail wears out its teeth, it will grow new ones.1.A snail _.A
6、. moves more slowly at nightB. has thousands of feetC. doesnt move at all D. sleeps much of the time2.In the sentence “A snail draws its body into its shell”, the word “draw” means _.A. to make with a pencil B. to pushC. to pull D. to move away 3.From the story, we know _.A. a snails shell is very t
7、hin B. a snail cant see wellC. a snails nose is quite short D. a snails body changes in different seasons4.A snail goes to sleep when _.A. it feels hungry B. it is put into a paper boxC. spring is coming D. it rains heavily5.Which of the following is wrong?A. In winter the snail doesnt eat or move.B
8、.A snail doesnt like living under the sun.C.The snails teeth cant be worn out.D.The snails nose helps to find food.【答案与解析】这篇短文向我们介绍了蜗牛的生活习性。无论是烈日当空，还是大雨滂沱，蜗牛都会像整个冬季一样，呆在壳里睡觉。春天来临的时候，蜗牛就拖着三英寸长的身体从壳里钻出来，靠它那灵敏的触角觅食。别看它的嘴比大头针尖大不了多少，却长着25万多颗牙齿呢！ 1.D。根据开头的“But much of the time snails dont move at all. The
9、y are in their shells -sleeping.”这句话，显然只有D是正确答案。2.C。本题属熟词新义。由“Hot sun will dry out a snails body. So at the least sign of hot sun, a snail draws its body into his shell.”一句的意思，尤其是要仔细考虑关键词“into”对猜测词义的辅助作用，可知蜗牛一旦碰到炙热的太阳，就会把身体蜷缩进壳里。3.B。答案即是“Its eyes, at the end of the top feelers are very weak.”这句话。4.D
10、。关键要理解好“So when it rains, a snail does the same thing, too.”这句话中的“the same thing”的意思。事实上，由“In the spring the snail wakes up. comes out from the shell.”和“in a hard paper box, it will eat its way out!”是很容易排除B、C和A的。5.C。根据短文最后一句话“And if a snail wears out its teeth, it will grow new ones.”，可以判断C项是明显的错误。
11、Passage2This dictionary tells you about English words and how to use them in reading, writing and speaking English. It not only gives the meaning of words, it can also help you with spelling, word building, grammar and pronunciation.To use your dictionary correctly, you need to understand how the di
12、ctionary works. At the front of the book, you will find some exercises to help you make the most use of your dictionary.If you look up the word “colour”, you will find two spellings for this word. “Colour” is used in British English, while “color” is used in American English. When such a thing happe
13、ns, the dictionary shows it with the word “BrE” for British English and “AmE” for American English. The dictionary also helps you pronounce words correctly. It uses a special alphabet (特殊字母表) to show pronunciation. If you turn to the inside back face, you will see all the phonetic letters (音标) with
14、some words to show you how they are pronounced. Just have a look this page when youre not sure how to say a word.The most important reason for using a dictionary is to find out the meaning of a wordits definition.In this dictionary, the definitions have been written using only 2000 words. This means
15、 that the definitions of even the most difficult words are simply explained (简单解释) and easy to understand.When a word has more than one meaning, read all the meanings until you find the one that correctly tells the use of the word you are looking for.Most of the words in this dictionary can be used by people in all parts of the world. 1.This dictionary cannot help you with _.A. singing B. grammar C. spelling D. pronunciation2. _of the words in the dictionary have two spellings.A. All B. One C. Few D. Some 3.The AmE spelling of the Chinese word “颜
