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1、- SENTENCE STRUCTURE AND WORDS CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTRACTEnglish contract sentences and words characteristics1.句式结构特点（Sentence Structure） 句式结构特点（ 句式结构特点 ）A. 句子冗长，结构严谨，语序复杂 ）句子冗长，结构严谨， 英文合同为了准确、严密、清楚地表达， 多以庞杂的从句和/或短语并列，语序复杂 多变的长句面目出现，很少以简单句为主。 A主句的状语的位置，一般放在助动词后， 主句的状语的位置， 行为动词前，与基础英语频度副词如； often，so
2、metimes，always，never， seldom的位置相同The Company shall, at all time during the term of the Joint Venture, effect and maintain full and adequate insurance against loss or damage by fire and such risks as are customarily issued in connection with the operation of the Company.合资公司应在合资期间的任何时候，就火 灾以及此类与公司经营相
3、关的其他风险所 造成的损失或损害进行投保，并保持充分 和适当的保险。B从句复杂，从句的状语，往往放在连词之后，从句的句子之前。例如： 之后，从句的句子之前 If, at any time during the execution of the Contract, either of the Parties to the contract is prevented from executing the Contract in case of Force Majeure such as war, serious fires, flood, typhoon and earthquake, etc.,
4、 the time for execution of the Contract shall be extended for a period equal to the affect of those causes.在合同履行期间的任何时候，合同任一方， 由于受到战争、严重火灾、洪水、台风和 地震等不可抗力事件的影响而不能履行合 同时，合同履行期应予延长，延长期限相 当于事件影响的时间。C主从复合句，从句经常用简略形式。 主从复合句，从句经常用简略形式。A party dissatisfied with the judgment may, within 15 day upon receipt o
5、f the judgment, file an appeal to the next upper Peoples Court.如不服本判决，该方可于接到判决之日起十五日 内向上一级法院提起上诉。The Contractor shall, unless otherwise provided in the Contract, make his own arrangement for the engagement of all staff and labour, local or other, and for their payment, housing, feeding and transport
6、.除合同另有规定外，承包人应自行安排从当地或 其他地方雇用的所有职员和劳务人员，以及他们 的报酬、住房、膳食和交通。2 否定前置与倒装(Negative Fronting and Anastrophe)A. 否定前置：(Fronting)Nothing in Article 12.3 shall prevent Party A or any of its affiliation from continuing to carry on any of their present businesses.合同第十二条第三款规定不得妨碍甲方或其分支机构持续经营现有业务。 Neither party, w
7、ithout prior consent of the other, may assign or transfer to any third party any equity interests held by its side.未经对方同意，任一方不得向任何第三人转让其 持有的股权。B .否定倒装：(Anastrophe)In no event shall the Seller be liable for lost profit s, delay, injury to goodwill or any special or cons equential damages howsoever an
8、y of the same are caused.对于利润损失、延误、商誉损害或任何特别或间接的损害赔 偿，不论任何原因引起的，卖方概不承担责任。In this case, Party B shall refund to Party A the amount which Party A has paid to Party B plus the related interest at the rate of 10% per year immediately, but in no case shall such refunding by Party B exceeds 30 days from r
9、eceipt from Party A of the notice to terminate the contract.在此种情况下，乙方应立即返还甲方已支付给乙方的款项并 按年利率10%加算利息，但不论怎样乙方该返还不得超过收 到甲方终止合同通知后30日。3 被动语态 Passive VoiceFailure to notify Party A shall be deemed to be a material breach of this Agreement.未能按上述要求通知甲方的，则视为构成 实质违约。（作谓语）Seller agrees to sell and the Buyer ag
10、rees to buy the undermentioned goods subject to terms and conditions set forth hereinafter as follows: 按如下列明的条款，卖方同意出售，买方 同意购买下述商品：（作后置定语）The payment of all the expenses under this contract shall be made through Bank of China, Shenzhen Branch and the bank designated by Party B.所有合同项下的费用均应通过中国银行深圳分行
11、和乙方指定银行进行支付。（作谓语和后置定语）Upon termination or dissolution of the Partnership，the partnership will be promptly liquidated, with all debts being paid first, prior to any distribution of the remaining funds.合伙企业一经终止或解散，合伙企业立即清算， 在分割剩余财产前，首先偿还所有债务。（作谓 语和状语）4 . 用词特点 赘语Doublets and TripletsAble and willing=wi
12、lling Full and complete= complete Null and void= void Legal and valid= valid Dispute, controversy or claim=d ispute Cancel, annul and set aside=cancelParty A agrees to purchase from Party B the following commodity under the terms and conditions set out below:甲方同意按照下列条款向乙方购买如下商品： Party A shall be una
13、uthorized to accept any order sort to collect any account on and after September 20.自9月2O日起，甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。Any partner or his/her agent, may review any and all accounting or other records at anytime.任何合伙人或其代理人，可随时审查任一或全部会 计账目或其他记录。The decision by such arbitration shall be accepted as final and bindi
14、ng upon both parties。该仲裁裁决为终局裁决，双方均受其约束。Final和 binding属相关词连用。The Company hereby releases and discharges Party A from further performance of, and any duties, obligations or liabilities under, the amended Agreement.本公司特此解除甲方已修正协议的进一步履行及其修正协议下的义务和责任。Release和discharge相关词连用，duty，obligation和liability属近同义词
15、连 用。If the Contractor shall duly perform and observe all the terms, provisions, conditions and stipulations of the said Contract, this obligation shall be null or void but otherwise shall be and remain in full force and effect.如果承包人切实履行并遵守上述合同的所 有条款、条件及规定，此义务即告终止， 有条款、条件及规定，此义务即告终止， 否则将保持完全有效。 否则将保持完全有效。5 Here/there/where+介词构成的古体词 介词构成的古体词基本规则：Here代表this，there代表that，where 代表which或what即here/there/where+介词=介词 +this/that/which or whatThe parties hereto=the parties to this contractThe parties hereby declare=as a result of; by this meansThereafter
