《职称英语考试-模拟试题-2009年职称英语理工类B级模拟试题(4).docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《职称英语考试-模拟试题-2009年职称英语理工类B级模拟试题(4).docx（4页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、职称英语理工类B级模拟试题(4)第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇 Most-Favored-Nation TreatmentA tax placed on products because they go from one nation to another is called a tariff. Import duties are the most significant, most common, and most c
2、ontroversial of tariffs. They are used to raise money for a government, to protect domestic manufactures and agriculture, or to achieve a combination of both. The list of countrys import duties is called a tariff schedule. A single tariff schedule applies to all goods, no matter what their country o
3、f origin. A double or multicolumned(多列的)schedule provides for differing rates depending on the country of origin. Most modern trade agreements are made on the basis of what is called most-favored-nation treatment.A most-favored-nation treatment guarantees that any rights or concessions in trade made
4、 by either of the contracting nations to a third nation are also granted to the other party to the treaty. The clause is also a guarantee against discriminatory(歧视性的)trade practices. Because these clauses are included in international trade treaties, they have become a principle of international law
5、 as well as instruments of economic policy.The primary application of most-favored-nation status has always concerned the duties charged on imports. If, for example, Canada and Japan deal with each other on most-favored-nation terms, Canada could not place higher duties on Japanese television sets t
6、han it does on those imported from Korea. And, of course, any benefit granted to Korean imports would be given to Japan as well.There have traditionally been two forms of most-favored-nation treatment, conditional and unconditional. Under the conditional form, the contracting parties do not grant al
7、l the concessions made to a third country, only those concessions specifically bargained for. In the unconditional form, any tariff concession granted to a third party is also granted to the other party to the treaty.31 What are the chief purposes of charging duties on imports?A To put taxes on any
8、products that to in and out of a country.B To guarantee the greatest part of income for a government.C To stop foreign goods from entering ones country.D To support domestic production and increase a countrys income.32 The phrase “no matter what their country of origin” in the first paragraph means把
9、职称英语页面加入收藏A no matter what countries the goods are from.B no matter how highly developed the export countries are.C no matter how highly developed the import countries are.D no matter where the country is located.33 The example in the third paragraph concerning Canada and Janpan best illustrates the
10、 statement thatA a most-favored-nation clause is included in every international trade treaty.B contracting nations give to each other the same rights or concessions as to a third party.C the most-favored-nation status is just applicable to import duties.D Canada must treat Japan fairly by granting
11、it the same benefits as to Korea.34 Concerning the two forms of most-favored-nation treatment, we can see thatA the unconditional form of most-favored-nation treatment grants any rights and concessions to another party that demands them.B the conditional form of most-favored-nation treatment is not
12、in any sense desirable in international trade.C The two forms of most-favored-nation treatment exist side by side in international trade practices.D the author is obviously in favor of the unconditional form of most-favored-nation treatment.35 Which of the following titles can best replace the origi
13、nal one?A Decisive and Controversial TariffsB Import Duties:the Most Important Source of National IncomeC Protection of Domestic ManufacturesD Mutual Benefit in International Trade Treaties 第二篇 Putting Plants to WorkUsing the power of the sun is nothing new. People have had solar-powered calculators
14、 and buildings with solar panels for decades. But plants are the real experts: Theyve been using sunlight as an energy source for billions of years.Cells in the green leaves of plants work like tiny factories to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into sugars and starches, stored energy that
15、 the plants can use. This conversion process is called photosynthesis. Unfortunately, unless youre a plant, its difficult and expensive to convert sunlight into storable energy. Thats why scientists are taking a closer look at exactly how plants do it.Some scientists are trying to get plants, or bio
16、logical cells that act like plants, to work as miniature photosynthetic power stations. For example, Maria Ghirardi of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colo. , is working with green algae. Shes trying to trick them into producing hydrogen instead of sugars when they perform photosynthesis. Once the researchers can get the algae working efficiently, the hydrogen that they produce could be used to p
