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1、高一英语必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes词汇解析辅导 I. Words for reading1. imagine vt. form a picture of in the mind；think of (sth.) as probable：想象；认为（某事）可能发生或存在。宾语为名词、代词、动名词、从句。宾语从句为否定意义时，要用否定转移，与think, believe, suppose, expect用法相同，成为I/ We dont imagine,意为“我（们）认为不如：We can imagine her sadness.我们可以想象她的悲伤。I didnt imagine
2、 (my) becoming a teacher in my childhood.在童年时代，我并未想象能成为一名教师。Can you imagine how much I was surprised to hear the news?你能想象我听见这个消息有多惊讶吗？I dont imagine so. = I imagine not.我认为不是这样。imagine, guess, supposeimagine意为“想象，幻想”，指在脑海中形成一个清晰明确的印象，或认为某事物可能发生或存在;guess： form an opinion, give an answer, make a stat
3、ement, based on supposition, not on careful thought, calculation, or definite knowledge: “猜测，臆测”，指未知道前的猜测;suppose: let it be though that; take it as a fact that:认定，假定； guess; think: “想象，推测”，意指“假定或假设中的情形”。2. shake, trembleshake: move, be moved, quickly or violently up and down, forwards and backwards
4、: 最普通用词，可指人或物 “摇动，发抖”。指人时常用于感情激动、寒冷、惧怕引起的身体颤动。在表示 “因而颤抖”时，多用with。在表示 “使受震撼，使（信念等）动摇”，常用于be shaken by/with/at中。tremble: shake involuntarily ( with fear, anger, cold, physical weakness, etc.) 颤栗,震颤,发抖(因恐惧,愤怒,寒冷,体弱等)，常常与shake相互替换，但指握手，摇头或捧腹大笑时用shake, tremble只用作不及物动词。如：The poor boy was shaking with cold
5、.这个孩子正冻的发抖。They were badly shaken by the news.他们对这个消息大为震惊。The host shook hands with all the guests.主人跟所有的客人握手。Her voice was trembling with anger.她气的声音发抖。3. rise, raiserise vi. ( of the sun, moon, stars, river, price, temperature, etc.) appear above the horizon:指自然“上升”，常用于日、月、云、霞、烟、水蒸气、物价、温度、河水、潮水及人的
6、职位等：He rose from his chair and began his speech.他从椅子上站起来开始了他的演说。Her temperature is still rising.他的体温还在上升。He has risen in rank.他已经升职了。raise vt. 1. lift up; move from a low(er) to a high(er) level; cause to rise: 外部的力量，“举起、提高”： The peoples living standard has greatly been raised.人民的生活水平已大大的提高了。 2grow
7、or produce (crops); breed (sheep, etc.); bring up a family: 饲养、种植”、养育、抚育： They can raise rice here.他们这儿能种水稻。4. burst into / burst out : send out suddenly; break out into; suddenly begin to burst into + doing: She burst into tears. = She burst out crying.她突然哭起来了。burst out + n.：All of them burst into
8、laughter = All of them burst out laughing.他们全都大笑起来了。5. destroy, ruin, damagedestroy: break to pieces; make useless; put an end to: 毁灭；摧毁；毁坏；破坏。表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上彻底摧毁，使之无法复原，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏: All his hopes were destroyed.他所有的希望都毁灭了。An atom bomb would destroy a city. 一颗原子弹可以摧毁一座城市。ruin: sth. which has dec
9、ayed, been destroyed, etc.:败坏，毁坏，崩溃的状态。 指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的打击结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏: Smoking ruined his health.吸烟毁了他的健康。She ruined his prospects.她毁了他的前途。damage: harm or injury that causes loss of value: 损害；损毁（使失去价值）。一般指对物体或生命的局部损坏：Their houses were damaged by the enemys shellfire.他们的房屋被敌人的炮火
10、击毁了。6. hurt, wound, injure hurt: cause bodily injury or pain to; damage; pain ( a person, his feeling): 使受伤；使疼痛；伤害； 使伤心。一般用语，即可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害，还可用作不及物动词，意为“疼痛、惹起痛苦”: What he said hurt me deeply.他说的话使我非常伤心。wound: hurt or injury to the living tissue of the body, caused by cutting, shooting, tearing,
11、 etc., esp. as the result of attack: 指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤，尤指在战争中，战斗中受伤: He got wounded in the fighting.他在战斗中受了伤。injure: hurt; damage, esp. for result of an accident;一般指由于意外或事故而受伤。如：He was badly injured in the accident.他在这次事故中受了重伤。Smoking will injure your health.吸烟会毁了你的健康。7. shock, astonish, surpriseshock v
12、t./n: to cause usually unpleasant or angry surprise to (sb.): 震惊，打击，吃惊程度最大，后面常跟介词at/by构成词组be shocked at/by，表示“对吃惊”，或接不定式表示原因，也可作名词，意为“震动，打击”: He was shocked by what you said.他对你说的话感到震惊。He was shocked to know his son playing all day.他知道他的儿子整天玩大为震惊。The news gave me a great shock.这个消息给了我很大的打击。astonish
13、vt./n: surprise greatly. 语气比surprise要强，含有令人难以置信: I was astonished to see him in Tibet.在西藏见到他，真感到惊异。The news astonished everyone.这个消息使每个人都很震惊。surprise vt./n: (feeling caused by) sth. sudden or unexpected: 最普通用词，意为“使惊讶，使吃惊”，含有“意想不到”之意。如： I was surprised to see the great changes in my hometown.看到家乡的巨大变
14、化他惊讶不已。His failure didnt cause much surprise (was not a great surprise.)他的失败未引起很大的惊奇（并非很意外的事）。II. Words for using language1.congratulation n 1）（with on）an expression of joy for sb. success, good fortune, luck, etc. : 庆贺，祝贺，常用复述形式，并与介词on搭配，构成短语congratulations on sth. /doing . 2）Congratulations ( on y
15、our winning the races)！恭喜（你获得了胜利）！I offered my congratulations on his success. 我对他的成功表示了祝贺。3）congratulate v. (with on.) to speak to ( a person) with praise and admiration for a happy event or sth. successfully done: 意为“向某人表示祝贺，向某人道贺”，构成短语congratulate sb. on sth. /dong. congratulate oneself that结构中：W
16、e congratulated him on having passed the examination.我们祝贺他通过了考试。He congratulates himself on having chosen a good woman to be his wife.他暗自庆幸自己挑选了一位贤惠的女子作妻子。2. especially, speciallyespecially: to an exceptional degree; in particular: 特殊地，尤其，常用于正式文体中: This is a very common word, especially in spoken English.这是一个很普通的词，尤其在英语口语中。She likes the country, especially in spring.她喜欢这个国家，尤其是春天。speciall
