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1、单元学习笔记Unit 16 grade 11. catch fire the house caught fire when they were away. 在他们外出时房子着火了。She was standing to close to the fireplace and her dress caught fire. 她站得离壁炉太近了，衣服烧着了。2. on fire on fire / catch fire 都是“着火”的意思，不过catch fire强调动作，on fire强调状态，如：Look! The house is on fire.3. look out Look out！（当心
2、、小心），比Take care! 或Be careful! 语气要强，往往用于某种紧急情况或可能出现危险的场合。Look out! Theres danger in the forest. 后还可接for短语：Look out for the rock in the water. 当心水里的石头。4. put out 灭火 They tried their best to put out the fire. 常用被动语态：The forest fire was put out soon. 森林大火很快就被扑灭了。注：be out熄灭：The forest fire was out at las
3、t.7. in that case 如果那样 It may rain tomorrow. In that case, youd better try another day. 明天可能下雨。那你最好改天在试。In that case, you wouldnt have a pan on fire. Youd have a house on fire! 如果是那样的话，那你就不是使一个油锅着火，而会使一座房子失火了！对比：in case 以防（万一），如：Take your raincoat in case it rains. 携带雨衣，以防下雨。8. belong to 属于（无被动语态）。T
4、hese books belong to the school library. 这些书是校图书馆的。Who does this belong to? 这是谁的？He doesnt feel he belongs here. 他觉得自己是外人。9. close to close在这儿是形容词，意思是靠近，to是一个介词，后面要加名词，即：close to+宾语。如：There is a bank close to our school.我校附近有家银行。There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefigh
5、ters could not get close to the building. 街道上围观大火的人太多了，消防人员无法接近大楼。10. lose ones life 失去生命。死（die）还有一种婉转的说法：pass away 去世。The dog saved the boy but lost its own life. 这狗救了这小孩，但却失去了自己的生命。Thousands of lives were lost in the earthquake. 在地震中，成千上万的人失去了生命。1. The smoke from the fire was too thick for them to
6、 be able to land on the roof. 火烟太浓，直升飞机无法在楼顶降落。tooto 太以至于不能 如：My brother is too young to dress himself. 弟弟太小了，不会自己穿衣服。这句话还可以用so.that.表达：My brother is so young that he cannot dress himself. 注意不定式前的for：It is too later for him to do anything now.2. The fire lasted about four hours before the firefighte
7、rs could control it. 大火持续了大约4小时，消防人员才将火情控制。注意before的用法：The teacher asked us some questions before he came to the new lesson. 老师先问了我们几个问题，然后才上新课。The bell rang before I could finish writing the composition. 我还没有写好作文铃就响了。1. Quick, turn the gas off. 快，把煤气关上。掌握几个搭配：Turn the TV off. Its time for bed.该睡觉了，
8、关了电视吧。 Turn on the light. 开灯。Turn it down, please! Its too noisy. 关小一点，太吵了！Turn it up please. I cant hear it clearly. 把声音开大点，我听不清！代词总是放在动词turn和副词之间，而名词即可放在两者中间，也可放在副词后面。2. You might get burnt and you might drop the pan of burning oil. 你可能被烧伤，你也可能把起火的油锅扔掉。might 表示假设，本句相当于If you tried to carry the pan
9、 out of the kitchen, you might get burnt . get burnt 被烧伤，构成被动语态的助动词一般用be，但有时也可以用get，如： My watch got broken while I was playing basketball. 手表打篮球时摔坏了。He got hurt in the leg when he fell down from the tree. 他从树上掉下来，腿受了伤。3. Break the glass to sound the alarm. 将玻璃打破，让火警器报警。sound an alarm / sound a note
10、of danger发出警报/发出危险信号。这里sound是及物动词“使发声”：The bell is sounded every hour. 那钟每小时响一次。sound还可作不及物动词“听起来”：That music sounds beautiful. 那音乐优美动听。4. Dont go to your room to collect your things, or you may be trapped by the fire. 不要到住室去取自己的东西，否则你可能被火封堵。collect 收集，如：The teacher walked round the classroom to col
11、lect exercise books. (收练习本) Electricity fees for this month have not been collected. 本月电费还没有收。5. Perhaps it was started by an electrical fire in the ceiling of one of the offices. 也许这是由于其中一个办公室天花板上的电线漏电发出火花引起的。ceiling和roof的区别很简单：ceiling指的是屋内的天花板，而roof指的是屋外的房顶。如：A light is hanging from the ceiling. 天
12、花板上吊着一盏灯。Theres a cat on the roof. 房顶上有一只猫。6. He was the first to arrive and the last to leave.他总是到的最早，走的最晚。在本句中，不定式用作定语。The Past Indefinite and Past Continuous Tense 一般过去时和过去进行时1. 一般过去时表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child, I often played football in the street.2. 过去进行时
13、表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。As he was reading the newspaper, Granny fell asleep在他看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。3. 应特别注意两个时态的区别：They watched the train until it disappeared. (一般过去时表示watch动作已结束) She was writing a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it. 过去进行时不
14、表示write动作已结束) I dont think Jim saw me; he was just staring into space. (过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作)单元学习笔记Unit 17 grade 11. Put on performances演出。 动词词组put on有“上演”“表演”的意思，如：Weve decided to put the play on again next week. 我们决定将在下周再次上演这出戏。 The senior class put on a dance. 高年级表演了一个舞蹈。2. at presentpresent前面不能
15、加冠词，要加冠词的话，得用at the present time。如：Mr. King is busy at present/now. Can he ring you later? 金先生现在很忙，他稍后给你电话，好吗？We are planning for a new experiment at the present time. 现在我们正在计划一项新的试验。3. year by year表示每年有所变化时（as each year passes）用year by year，如：I grow taller year by year. 我一年一年的长高了。表示一年年一成不变时（continu
16、ously for many years），就要用year after year。对比：The flowers remain the same year after year while people change year by year. 年年岁岁花相似，岁岁年年人不同。“名词+by+名词”意思是“逐个地”“一个接一个地”，如：They went to the hall one by one.他们一个接一个进入大厅。 These problems should be solved step by step. 这些问题应当逐步解决。4. one dayone day 作状语，可指过去的某一天（有一天），也可指将来的某一天（总有一天）：One day we visited the nature park near Beijing. 一天，我们去参观了北京附近的
