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1、高三 Grammar 宾语从句与表语从句名词性从句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。主语从句：Who will win the match is still unknown. 宾语从句：I want to know what he has told you. 表语从句：The fact is that we have lost the game. 同位语从句：The news that we won the game is exciting. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类
2、：连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever连接副词：when ,where ,how ,whyObject Clauses 宾语从句请对应写出句子成分 I know him. （ ） （ ） （ ） I know who he is. （ ） （ ） （ ）请用横线画出下面句子的宾语从句部分。1、I know him. 2、Do you have the time?3、I think that she is beautiful. 4、Why dont you pay attentio
3、n to me?总结：宾语通常位于谓_或者_后一、宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。位置：通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。句子结构：主句 +连词(引导词)+ 宾语从句e.g. She asked if these answers were right.We can learn what we do not know.He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A.I dont know where we will hold the meeting.通过观察，我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其
4、他成分练习： 1)Could you tell me_. A. you will get here when B. when will you get here C. get here when you will D. when you will get here2) Mother asked his son what _for lunch at school. A. did he had B. does he had C. he has D. he had3) Pointing to the young plant, he asked me _ that was the one we had
5、 seen in the picture. A. what B. if C. where D. how二、连接词1、从属连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if 1）、 I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2）、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us注：1、由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连
6、词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔试中。 例：I told him that he was wrong.2、用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时，it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾） （此时that一定不可以省略）I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.We heard it that she would get marrie
7、d next month.3、that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe. 4、if 和Whether的区别1）、由 连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。 例：I dont know if/whether he will come tomorrow. The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment. 2）、下面
8、几种情况只能用whether和不定式连(whether to do sth.)用作宾语时不用if引导. 例：Whether to go there hasnt been decided. They asked me whether to go shopping.宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导. 例：I dont know whether the star will come or not.在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导 例：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.宾语从句提前时：例：Whether this is true or no
9、t, I cant say.练习：1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. Were worried about _ he is safe.3. I wonder _ he is well.4. I dont know _ or not he is well.5. I dont know _ to go.2、连接代词和连接副词连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词：when ,where ,how ,why因为连接代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。Do you kno
10、w what he said just now? I dont remember when we arrived. I asked him where I could get so much money. Please tell me who (whom) we have to see.练习：1. Wang Hai told me _ he didnt go hiking yesterday afternoon.（how, why）2. Can you tell me _ else is going to be on duty today?（who, whom）3. He always thi
11、nks _ he can do better.（how, who）4. They dont know _ we are going hiking. (when, what)5. I dont know _ so many people crowding round him. (how, why)6. Do you know _ shirt it is? (whose, whos)三、时态1. 主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定I know that he lives here.I know that he lived here ten years ago. I have
12、heard that he will come tomorrow.2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时（一般过去时，过去进行时,过去将来时，过去完成时）I knew who lived here. I saw that she was talking with her mother.He said that his father had gone to Beijing.3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。He told the boy that three and three is six.He told me
13、 that the earth moves around the sun.练习：单项选择1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether2.We dont know _ they did it. A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time.A. that B. if C. when D. what time4. Does anybody know _ we
14、 will have a sports meeting this weekend or not.A. if B. where C. whether D. that5. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station6. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like7. My sister told him _ .A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D.
