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1、高一英语暑假专题复习情态动词http:/www.DearEDU.com1. 情态动词的推测表达2. 情态动词表达虚拟语气3. 某些情态动词的特殊用法知识重点与难点总结知识重点：情态动词在表达推测意义的句子中的运用：（一）用情态动词表达事实的推测。can，could，might，may，must可以用来表达对事实的推测。根据说话人对事实的把握性大小，must表示“肯定”，may / might / can / could表示“可能”， must只用于肯定句中，may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 “可能不”, 而can / could可以用于疑问句，表示“可能
2、，可能吗?”，其否定式cant / couldnt 表示“不可能”。用情态动词可以对现在或过去的事实进行推测。对不同的时间内容推测有不同的结构。（二）对现在的事实进行推测：主要结构：must / may / might +动词原形 be+名词/形容词/介词短语 be + doing例句：1. You must be Jeanne. Im Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well. 2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher mus
3、t be joking.4. Freda isnt in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasnt got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys cant be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10
4、. Can the news be true ?（三）对过去的事实进行推测：结构：情态动词+have done / been+名词/形容词/介词短语例句：1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldnt have seen Anna yesterday. Shes gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom hav
5、e gone ?情态动词表达虚拟语气：表达“本来”，“不然早就”。这是情态动词的一种虚拟语气用法。表示说话人所讲的与所发生的事实相反。表达了说话人的埋怨，后悔的语气。其结构是在一些情态动词后面加 have done 结构。根据要表达的意思，有如下结构：should have done / ought to have done：本应该shouldnt have done / oughtnt to have done：本不该could have done：本来可以neednt have done：本来没必要would like to have done：本来很想would rather not h
6、ave done: 本来不愿意could / might / have done: 不然早就例句：1. You shouldnt have laughed at his mistakes.2. You could have told us earlier.3. I ought to have bought that dictionary last week.4. You ought not to have spent so much time in reading novels.5. We need not have been in a tearing hurry to catch the t
7、rain.6. They would like to have seen that film last film.7. If he had given me his number, I could have telephoned him.8. They might have been frozen to death but for the rescue in time.知识难点：某些情态动词的特殊用法：need 和dare 的两种形式的用法need 和dare可以用做实义动词，后面接不定式（to do）结构，在疑问句和否定句中，加助动词do/does/did/或dont/doesnt/didn
8、t。作为情态动词使用时，主要用于疑问句和否定句中。情态动词neednt（没有必要，不必）相当于dont have to例句：1. It is cold, you need to wear some warm clothes.2. Need I stay here with you for a while ? Thank you, you neednt.3. How dare you speak to parents like that ?注意：句型I dare say+从句。 意思是：我肯定 = Im sure或There is no doubt that+从句。例句：I dare say t
9、hat my uncle will get the money if I die.will和would表示“意志”或“愿意”，would 则指过去愿意做例句：1. He said that he would help us.2. You may telephone if you will accept this job.would可以表达“过去习惯做”类似于“used to do”例句：1. When we were children, we would go swimming every summer in that river.表示请求，固定的句型：Will/Would you pleas
10、e do? / Would you like to do?例句：Will/Would you please give him a message when you see him ?shall1. 用于第一，三人称，表示“请求”；“建议” 或“推荐”例句：1. Shall we start the meeting now?2. Shall I watch TV now ?3. Shall my son carry the case for you ?2. 用于第二人称，表示“命令，“要求”，“许诺”例句：1. You shall take whatever you like.2. You sh
11、all not go to the party with me if you make so much noise again.在表示推测的否定句或疑问句中，常用can /cant /could / couldnt表示，意思是：“可能吗?”；“不可能”。而不能使用mustnt或must等词。【典型例题】1. Do you think he will do me a favor ?As far as I know, he is the last one to help others. He _ be prepared to give you a hand, though.A. mightB. m
12、ust C. canD. should分析：本题考查情态动词推测性用法。 根据he is the last one to help others.（他是最不可能帮助别人的人），既然如此，那么“帮助你”的可能性也就最小了。答案为A2. Look, someone is coming. Guess who it _ be ?I think it _ be Tom.I dont think it _ be _ .A. can ; must ; can ; heB. may ; can ; must ; himC. must ; can ; must ; hisD. might ; must ; ca
13、n ; himself分析：根据备选答案。 can表示推测时用于疑问句或否定句中。本题首句就应该是Guess who can it be? 第二句应该是I think it must be Tom.（说话人十分肯定）。第三句表达了说话人对前一个人的否定。即：I dont think it can be him/he.（不可能是他）。答案为A3. Do you know Ms. Wang likes walking after supper ?Sure. She _ around the campus now.A. must be walkingB. must walkC. may walkD.
14、 may be walking分析：关键词Sure告诉我们说话人的口气十分肯定。根据句子语境：她此刻肯定正在校园散步呢。must be doing表示肯定正在做。答案为A4. I stayed at a hotel in New York.Oh, did you ? You _ with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would sayD. must have stayed分析：首句说：我在纽约住在一家宾馆里。在此a hotel是泛指。所以D选项不合题意。第二句在说：你本来可以和Barbara.住在一起的。Could have do
15、ne表示：本来可以。答案为A5. Why didnt you tell me there was no meeting today ? I _ all the way here through the heavy snow.A. neednt have drivenB. cant have drivenC. mustnt have drivenD. shouldnt have driven分析：根据句意：你为什么不告诉我今天没有会？我本来没必要冒着大雪开车跑这么多路。Neednt have done表示本来没必要。答案为A6. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word.A. mustnt leaveB. shouldnt have left
