《高考英语专项指导名词性从句重难点剖析与专练人教.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语专项指导名词性从句重难点剖析与专练人教.doc（3页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、高考英语专项指导 名词性从句重难点剖析与专练名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，高考常从连接词的选择、语序、语气、时态等方面来考查。为帮助同学们更好地掌握这一语法项目。一、名词性从句重难点归纳分析1、that和what都可以引导名词性从句，但that是连接词，本身无词义，仅起连接作用，不在从句中担任任何成份；what是连接代词，不仅引导名词性从句，而且在从句中充当一定的成份，如主语、宾语或表语。例 That he stole a bike was true. 他偷了一部自行车是真的。The important thing is what you do, but not wh
2、at you say. 重要的是你做什么，而不是说什么。2、单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。例 Where and when he was born has not been found. 他出生在何时何地还不知道。When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown. 那个人何时被谋杀，为什么被谋杀尚不知道。3、在名词性从句中一律用陈述句的语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。例 The problem is what he has don
3、e to the little boy. 问题是他对那个小男孩做了些什么。4、连接词that引导的主语从句放在句首时，that不能省略。但为避免头重脚轻，可以用it作为形式主语，而把主语从句放到后面。如果that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，必须以it作形式主语而把主语从句后置。例 Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 那个科学家下个星期给我们作报告是真的吗？5、宾语从句的谓语动词时态受主句谓语动词的影响，如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句中的谓语动词可以用各种时态；如果主句中的谓语动词用了一般过去时
4、，则从句中的谓语动只能用过去时的某种形式，但如果从句表达的是客观真理或客观存在则不受此影响。例 We believed that he had earned enough money to build a house.我们相信他已经挣够足够的钱来建造房屋。6、与“命令、要求、建议”等相关的名词性从句中通常用虚拟语气，虚拟语气的构成是“should动词原形”或省去should，直接用动词原形。例 She insisted that she not be sent to the countryside.她坚持不被派到农村去。但是，如果suggest作“表明、暗示”讲，insist作“坚持说、坚持认
5、为”讲，则其后的宾语从句中应该用陈述语气。例 The smile on his face suggested that he had passed the examination. 他脸上的微笑表明他已经通过了考试。7、同位语从句一般跟在某些表示抽象概念 的名词后（如news, idea, information, fact, hope, thought, belief等），用来说明名词所表示的具体内容，引导同位语从句的连接词通常有that, whether和连接副词when, where, why, how；连接代词who，what，whose，which通常不能引导同位语从句。例 I ha
6、ve no idea when she will be back.我不知道他何时回来。8、whether和if均可引导动词后的宾语从句，常可互换。但从句中有or not时或介词宾语从句中只能用whether连接。其他名词性从句，如主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句只用whether连接，不用if。例 I dont care about whether you have money or not. 我并不在意你是否有钱。9、介词后的宾语从句一般不用which和if引导，要用whether和what。that也很少引导介词宾语从句，只在except, but, besides等之后才用。例 I cou
7、ld say nothing but that I was angry.我无话可说，只是感到生气。10、 引导宾语从句的连接词that一般可以省略，但如果有二个或二个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略。例 He said (that) the text was very difficult and that we had to work hard at it.他说课文很难，我们必须努力学习。11、当主句是I/ We think ( suppose, expect, believe, guess, imagine) 时，其后的宾语从句如果是否定形式，常把否定词not从从句中转移到主句中
8、，成为否定的转移。例 We dont believe that he will win the game. 我们相信他不会赢得这场比赛。12、如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则必须用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置，并且that不能省略。例 He has made it clear that he will not give in. 他清楚地表明他不会屈服。13、doubt用于肯定结构时，后面用whether/ if引导名词性从句；用于否定结构或疑问结构时，后面用that引导名词性从句。be sure 用于肯定句或疑问句时，后接that引导的名词性从句；用于否定句时，后接whether/ if引
9、导的名词性从句。例 We doubt whether/ if he can win the game.我们怀疑他是否能赢得这场比赛。 14、连接代词whoever，whatever，whichever可引导名词性从句，相当于anyone who, anything that等。他们也可以引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter who/ what/ which。例 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 任何违法的人都要受到惩罚。二、高考链接 1. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow
10、of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (2003上海)A. that B. when C. what D. how2. - I think its going to be a big problem.- Yes, it could be.- I wonder _ we do about it.(2002上海春)A. if B. how C. what D. that3. You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them often. (1999NMET)A.
11、 when B. where C. then D. there4. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. (2001NMET)A. how B. after C. what D. when5. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. (2004 NMET)A. why B. where C. what D. how6. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear an
12、d bright. (2004 NMET)A. this B. that C. it D. one7. The road is covered with snow. I cant understand _ they insist on going by motor-bike. (2004NMET)A. Why B. whether C. when D. how8. We cant figure out _ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.(2004 北京)A. that B. as C. why D. wh
13、en9. After Yang Liwei succeeded circling the earth, _ our astronauts to do is walk in space. (2004 上海)A. where B. what C. that D. how10. A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. (2004 上海)A. when B. where C. what D. that
14、Key 1-5 CCBCB 6-10 CACBD三、强化练习 1. He has given us a suggestion _ we should buy a cottage in the country, with the money we have saved.A. when B. where C. what D. that2. After five hours drive, they reached _ they thought was the place theyd been dreaming of.A. that B. where C. which D. what3. It is
15、no longer a question now _ man can land on the moon.A. that B. which C. whether D. what4. She is pleased with _ you have given him and all that you have told him.A. that B. what C. why D. which5. Father made a promise _ I passed the exam, he would buy me a bicycle.A. that B. if C. whether D. that if6. _ surprised me most was that she didnt even know _ the difference between the two lies.A. What, where B. What, what C. Tha
