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1、 湖南省湘潭市2016高考英语完形填空和阅读理解暑假选练（10）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。In parts of Africa, the sky is filled with a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.And in the battle to stop this di
2、saster, a radio station in Senegal, West Africa, is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts. The radio station is in one of Senegals worst affected regions.This is West Africas biggest locust disaster in 15 years, and it is moving east, causing huge
3、 damage to crops. As they move, they breed, and increase their number and will soon threaten Sudan in the northeast of Africa. Some say it could reach Asia.Experts say the great damage to crops in areas already suffering from food shortages and war could cause many people to go hungry. Governments i
4、n the region are not well equipped to fight the pest.Although leaders of 12 countries have agreed on a plan, it is not expected to be enough. “We are now treating 6,000 hectares per day with pesticide, but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have any hope of controlling this disaste
5、r,” said Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, director of locust control in Mauritania.Requests are being made for international aid, which is the only way to limit the crisis, the UNs Food and Agriculture Organization warned.1. The purpose of offering people rice for catching locusts in Senegal is _.A. to
6、 get more people to eat rice so as to leave less for locustsB. to get more people involved in the war on the locustsC. to prevent more people from starvationD. to get more people to listen to the radio report on locusts2. Which of the following is not the reason for West Africans going hungry?A. Loc
7、ust disaster causes the great damage to crops.B. Food supply is far from the need of the people.C. These regions are affected by the war.D. Governments are unwilling to fight the pest.3. It can be concluded that, in order to end the locust disaster, _.A. leaders of 12 countries in West Africa should
8、 call on their people to take actionB. insects experts should be sent to these regionsC. other countries outside Africa should keep close watch on their own landsD. Help from all over the world is in urgent demand4. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Food shortage in Africa. B. International
9、 aid to Africa.C. The insects attack on Africa. D. Terrible storm in Africa.1. B 推测题。根据第二段意义，广播电台向听众悬赏捕杀蝗虫。可推测出其目的是让更多的人参与到救灾行动中来。2. D 细节理解题。根据第四段意义：专家称一些地区本来就食品匮乏，并饱受战火之苦，而灾害给农作物产量造成的损失更是雪上加霜。许多人因此而挨饿。3. D 推理题。根据短文最后一段的意义：国际社会施以援手是抑制灾情的唯一方法。由此推理可得“国际援助迫在眉睫”。4. C 主旨题。根据短文第一段的描述及下文的阐发可看出本文的主题是“非洲西部的虫
10、灾”。阅读理解。Chemicals used for industrial processes often create dangerous forms of waste. The amount of these chemicals has risen heavily in the past few years, as more areas of the world industrialize and new products are produced. Over 80,000 different chemicals are used in industries world-wide. Aro
11、und the world hundreds of millions of tons of harmful waste are produced each year. Often, it is difficult and expensive to get rid of these chemicals or to store them in a way that does not endanger human life and the environment.Every year, major health problems result from harmful waste. Sadly, i
12、t is often after someone has died or, become seriously ill that governments will take actions and reduce levels of dumped（倾倒的）harmful waste. In 1989, a school in New Jersey had to be closed because students there had suffered too much exposure（暴露）to chromium（铬）. It was later learned that large amoun
13、ts of chromium had been dumped nearby and blown over to the school area.Research has been done to provide information on the effects of every chemical. Because waste chemicals often mix together, it will also be necessary to learn how the combinations of these chemicals affect human health.Some gove
14、rnments have realized how serious the problem is and are making laws to get rid of harmful waste. They are also trying to limit the amount of waste industries are allowed to produce.Not only governments but the public as well must form part of the solution. They can choose not to buy those products
15、which require the production of harmful waste, attempt to affect policymakers, and produce less harmful waste themselves. Many scientists think that waste production can be cut. The waste can be reduced by at least one-third using existing technologies and methods.1. What is mainly discussed in the
16、text?A. The effect of every chemical.B. Problems of harmful waste.C. Chemicals used for industrial processes.D. Events related to waste chemicals.答案解析：答案为B。本题为主旨大意题。文章先陈述工业生产过程中使用化学物产生的有害垃圾所导致的问题，并举例证明，最后探讨解决这一问题的方案。在第一段的首句 “Chemicals used for industrial processes often create dangerous forms of waste.”和最后一句 “Often, it is difficult and expensive to get rid of these chemi
