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1、关于英语那些你不知道的事都在这里http:/ is it?(不能说whose one)Her bike is better than her brothers.（不能说brothers one）（6）one和that作替代词时的区别 one 可以代替人或物，that只能代替物。 I havent a book; can you lend me one? 我没有书，你能借我一本吗? I have a brother, one in the army.我有一个哥哥，他在部队。 Look at the clock, that the wall.看那座钟，墙上那座。 one只能代替可数名词；that可
2、替代可数名词与不可数名词。 The novel is as interesting as the one I read last year.这本小说和我去年读的那本一样有趣。The weather here is rather hotter than that in Beijing.这里的天气比北京的热。 one 可以有前置或后置定语；而that只能有后置定语。 Your answer is better than that of hers.你的答案比她的好。 This is a red pen, and I have three other blue ones.这是一枝红钢笔，我还有三只别的
3、。Please look at the map, the one on the right wall.请看地图，右边墙上的那幅。 one（不加定语）表示泛指；that表示特指。 The music is as sweet as that we heard yesterday.这首曲子和我昨天听的那首一样美。 A poem written by an American poet is usually harder to understand than one by a Chinese poet.美国作家写的诗通常比中国作家写得难懂。二、倒装1、概述英语最基本的词序“主语+谓语动词（+ 宾语）”通
4、常十分固定，但在一些句子中，由于语法、修辞、强调或句子结构上的需要，主语、谓语和宾语不是处于正常语序，而是把谓语的全部或一部分提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做倒装(inversion)。2、倒装的类型倒装可分为全部倒装和部分倒装。（1）全部倒装(complete inversion)全部倒装就是整个谓语部分放在主语之前。In front of the house stands a tree. 房前有一棵树。Here comes the bus.车来了。（2）部分倒装(partial inversion)部分倒装就是把谓语的一部分（通常是助动词、情态动词）放在主语之前。Never shall I f
5、orget the day.我永远忘不了这一天。Only in this way can we finish the work.只有这样，我们才能完成工作。3、语法倒装（1）在疑问句中Is breakfast ready yet? 早饭准备好了吗？Have you finished your homework? 你做完作业了吗？What are you doing ? 你在干什么？（2）在“there+ be”结构中There are some books on the desk.桌子上有些课本。There will be a football match this afternoon.下午将
6、有一场足球赛。（3）以表示“运动方向”的副词开头的倒装句为了使叙述或描绘更加生动，常将表示运动方向的副词 (如here，there，out，in，up，off，down，away，back等)放在句首，谓语动词为go，come，run，rush等表示位置转移的动词，主语为名词。用一般现在时或一般过去时。 Be quick! Here comes the bus. 快点汽车来了。There goes the bell.铃响了。Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。Away went the boy. 男孩走了。Now comes your turn. 现在该你了。注意：
7、如主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语的语序不变。Here it is.它在这儿。Away he went.他走了。（4）省略了if的虚拟条件从句虚拟结构中的条件从句省if去时，这时were、had及should须移到主语前面，从而形成倒装。Were I in your position, I would go.要是我处在你的地位，我就去。Had it not been for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the film so often.如果不是票免费，我不会那么经常去看电影。Should it rain tomorrow, we woul
8、d have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.如果明天下雨的话，我得推迟去看扬浦大桥。（5）“so+be（have、助动词或情态动词）+主语” 句型把副词so放在句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人（或物）。She can swim. So can I.她会游泳，我也会。-I like swimming in winter.我喜欢冬泳。- So do I .我也是。In an earthquake, the earth shakes. And so do you. 地震时，地球震动，你也会震动。Society has changed and
9、 so have the people in it.社会变了，人也跟着变了。比较：“so+主语+助动词”结构的用法如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思，表示同意对方的看法，意为“是的，确实”时，句子不用倒装语序。 -It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night.你太粗心了，把衣服整夜放在外边。-My God! So I did.天哪！还真是这样。-John won the first prize in the contest.约翰在音乐会上会的了一等奖。- So he did.确实如此。-David has
10、 made great progress recently.大卫最近进步很大。-So he has, and so have you.他确实进步很大，你也是。（6）“neither(nor)+be（have、助动词或情态动词）+主语” 句型把neither、nor、no more放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人（或物），需用倒装语序-Do you enjoy that trip?你旅途玩得高兴么？-Im afraid not. And neither did my classmates. 恐怕我不高兴，我同学也是。After that we never saw her again,
11、 nor did we hear from her.从那以后我再也没有看到她，也没收到他的来信。-Do you know Jim quarreled with his brothers?你知道基姆和他哥哥吵架的事吗？-I dont know, nor do I care. 我不知道，也不关心。The first one wasnt good and neither was the second.第一个不好，第二个也不好。I have never been abroad. Neither has he.我从未出过国，他也没出过国。（7）感叹句的倒装 How happy the children
12、are!孩子们多幸福啊！（表语前置） What a lovely birthday present the old lady has received!这位老太太收到一份多好的生日礼物啊！（宾语前置）（8）以表示“地点”的介词短语开头的倒装句当句首为表示地点的介词短语时，为了保持句子结构的平衡，或为了使上下文衔接紧密时，常使用倒装结构。On the wall hang two large portraits. 墙上挂着两幅巨大的画像。Along the dusty road came a group of tourists.沿着尘土飞扬的路来了一伙游人。 Outside the entranc
13、e stood two police officers with guns. 入口处外面站着两个带枪的警官。Under the big tree was sitting an old farmer. 大树底下坐着一个老农夫。（9）many a time和next等时间、次数或顺序的副词位于句首时要到装 Often did she come to my home in the past.她过去常到我家来。 Long did we wait before hearing from her.我们等了很久才收到她的来信。 Many a time have I seen her taking a wal
14、k alone.我许多次看见她独自散步。（10）well, so, gladly等表示方式、程度的副词位于句首时常到装 Well do I remember the day I saw her first.我第一次见到她的那一天，我记忆犹新。 Gladly would I accept your proposal.我很高兴接受你的建议。（11）直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时也用倒装“I dont think so”, said Tom. 汤姆说：“我不这样认为。”“What has happened here?”，asked a policeman. 一名警察问：“这儿发生了什么事？”
15、（12）however引导的让步状语从句however为连接副词，引导让步状语从句，其意义和作用相当于no matter how。however后面接形容词或副词，其基本结构为“however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”。However cold it is, she always goes swimming.无论天气多么冷，她总是去游泳。Well have to finish the job, however long it takes.无论用多长时间，我们都得完成这个工作。4、修辞倒装（1）“only+ 状语”放句首倒装句副词only所强调的方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等位于句首时，引起部分倒装。Only after liberation did they begin to be treated as human beings.只有在解放后他们才开始被当人看待。Only by taking a taxi can you arrive on time. 只有打的你才能按时到
