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1、精品资源备战高考专题3 形容词和副词形容词和副词在高考试题中始终占很重要的地位。近几年高考对形容词和副词的考查具有“淡化语法、注重深层语义”的特点，以形容词和副词辨析为热点。同时继续加强对形容词和副词比较等级的考查。其考点主要包括：1.考查形容词和副词词义辨析。2.考查形容词修饰名词时的词序，即指示代词/不定代词数词(序数词、基数词)描绘性形容词特征性形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)颜色形容词国籍、出处物质、材料用途、类别中心名词。3考查形容词和副词比较等级的常用句型及其修饰成分在句中的位置。4考查与形容词和副词有关的习语结构。知识点一、形容词和副词的基本用法1形容词在句中的作用。
2、(1)形容词在句中可作定语、表语和补语。(2)形容词在句中也可作状语，用来表示主语所处的状态。He was lying in bed，dead.(3)alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/ill/well(身体好)等常用作表语而不用作定语。如：He is an ill man.(错)The man is ill.(对)She is an afraid girl.(错)The girl is afraid.(对)(4)twoyearold/200metrelong/onethousandword等复合形容词中的名词要用单数，一般只用作前置定语。如：Tom
3、 is a twoyearold boy.2副词在句中的作用。副词在句中一般用作状语，修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，也可修饰整个句子。如：Obviously you are wrong.知识点二、常用连接性副词的用法1though用作副词时，常在句末，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折意义。2therefore“因此，所以”，表示结果。3meanwhile“与此同时，在此期间”，表示前后分句的动作同时发生。4moreover“另外”，表示承接关系。5however“然而”，表示让步、转折，常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。6besides“另外；还有”，表示递进关系。7instead“相反”，表示前后分句
4、意义相反。知识点三、形容词、副词的比较级及最高级1平级比较(1)as形容词/副词原级as像一样(2)asadj.a/an名词as像一样的(3)as mucha/an名词as和一样是(4)not as/so形容词/副词原级as.不如那样Henry is a worker as good as Peter (is)Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is)Henry和Peter一样都是好工人。It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是
5、一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。2比较级(1)the比较级.，the比较级.越，越The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes youll make.你越仔细，你犯的错误越少。(2)the比较级of the two名词，表示“两个中较的”。The taller of the two boys is my brother.这两个男孩中较高的是我哥哥。3比较级的修饰词常见的修饰词有much，a lot，a great deal，far，even，a bit, a little, any(否定句、疑问句中)，具体的数据等。He is much taller t
6、han Yao Ming.他比姚明高多了。但是very/quite/fairly一般不用来修饰比较级；最高级常用by far/much或序数词作状语。如：The population of China is by far the largest in the world.Africa is the second largest continent.4几种带有否定词的比较句型(1)no better than表示“和一样；实际等于”。例如：The patient is no better than he was yesterday.病人的情况和昨天一样(不好)。(2)no more.than表示
7、“同一样不”。例如：A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.鲸和马都不是鱼。(3)no less. than表示“和一样；不逊于”。例如：The technique of writing is no less difficult than that of the other arts.写作技巧和其他艺术技巧一样困难。5比较级表达最高级含义(1)“否定词比较级”有最高级的含义。Your story is perfect；Ive never heard a better one before。你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听到比这更好听的故事。(2)比较级
8、在以下几种句式中均表示最高级含义。比较级thanany other单数名词比较级thanall the other复数名词比较级thananyone else比较级thanany of the other复数名词比较级thanthe rest of复数名词或不可数名词例如：朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译)Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.Julia is taller than any of the other gir
9、ls in her class.Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class.Julia is the tallest girl in her class.知识点四、倍数表达法1A is倍数比较级thanB2A is倍数as原级asB3A is倍数the名词(size，length，height等)ofB4the名词(size，length，height等)of A is倍数thatofB5A is倍数what引导的名词性从句长江是珠江的三倍长。(一句多译)The Yangtze River is twice longer than t
10、he Pearl River.The Yangtze River is three times as long as the Pearl River.The Yangtze River is three times the length of the Pearl River.The length of the Yangtze River is three times that of the Pearl River.知识点五、形容词作定语时的位置1通常置于所修饰的词之前，但不定代词的定语通常在后面。如：Someone strange is asking to see you.Something
11、unexpected happened and we had to make some changes to our plan.2else常放在不定代词和疑问代词后面作定语。如：No one else can answer the question.3多个形容词作定语时的词序为：大小、长短、高低形状/年龄、新旧颜色/来源、国籍、地区、出处/材料/用途。如：an expensive Japanese sports car, those three beautiful large square old brown wood table.高频考点一 形容词、副词的基本用法例1(2019江苏卷)Unl
12、ike traditional gyms, appbacked gyms offer people _ options to exercise.Acasual BregularCflexible Dtight【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：与传统健身房不同，有软件支持的健身房为人们提供了灵活的锻炼选择。casual“随便的”；regular“有规则的”；flexible“灵活的”；tight“紧的”。【变式探究】(2018江苏卷)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _ to invest in sufficient
13、 training for his staff.Akeen BreluctantCanxious Dready【答案】B【解析】考查形容词。句意：尽管这家旅馆服务差，但是经理却不愿投资对员工进行足够的培训。reluctant“不情愿的，勉强的”符合句意。【变式探究】Fathers love for their kids seems to be a bit strict and tough; _， mothers love seems to be loving and caring.Aanyway BmeanwhileCmoreover Dotherwise【答案】B【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：
14、父亲对孩子的爱似乎有点严厉和强硬；相比之下，母亲的爱似乎是富有爱心和体贴的。meanwhile“与此同时，对比之下”，符合语境。anyway“尽管，而且”；moreover“此外，而且”；otherwise“除此之外，否则”。高频考点二 形容词、副词的比较等级用法例1It may not be a great suggestion. But before _ is put forward, well make do with it.Aa good oneBa better oneCthe best one Da best one【答案】B【解析】句意：它或许不是一个好建议，但在更好的建议被提出之前，我们先凑合一下。此处暗含比较，表示“一条更好的建议”，是泛指，故选B。【变式探究】I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time there are _ meaningful things to do.Aless BmoreCthe least Dthe most【答案】B【解析】句意：我认为每天晚上看电视是浪费时间，因为有更有意义的事可以去做。根据句意可知，此处应用meaningful的比较级形式，故选B。【举一反三】This is by far _ movie that I have ever se
