《2020年高考英语语法专项突破训练专题18-《虚拟语气》》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2020年高考英语语法专项突破训练专题18-《虚拟语气》（6页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、专题十八专题十八 虚拟语气虚拟语气 重难点分析重难点分析 虚拟语气是英语中一个较大的语法项目 高考语法填空和短文改错都曾经设过考点 考生应予以重视 英语中的语气分为陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气 疑问语气和感叹语气五类 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿 望 假设 猜测或建议 而不是表示客观存在的事实 此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时 也可 用虚拟语气 虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示 一 虚拟语气在从句中的用法和构成一览表一 虚拟语气在从句中的用法和构成一览表 类别用法例句 与现在事 实相反 从句动词 过去式 be 多用 were 但在口语 中 如果主语是第一 三人称 be 动词可用 was 主
2、句动词 should would could might 动词原形 If he were here he would help us 如果他在这 他会帮我们的 与过去事 实相反 从句动词 had 过去分词 主句动词 should would could might have 过去分词 If I had been free I would have visited you 如果我那时有空 我 就会去拜访你了 if 引导的 条件状语 从句 与将来事 实相反 从句动词 过去式 should 动词原形 were 不定式 主句动词 should would could might 动词原形 If it
3、should rain tomorrow we would not go camping 如果明天下 雨 我们就不去露营了 as if though 引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成 式 They are talking was if they were had been friends for years 他们交 谈着 好像是多年的老朋友 其他状语 从句even if though 引导的从句 与现在 将来事实相反时 从 句动词用过去式 主句动词用 should would 动词原形 与过去事实相反时 从句动词用 had 过去分词 主句动 词用 should would have 过去
4、分词 Even if we failed we wouldn t lose courage 即使我们失败了 我们 也不会失去勇气 宾语从句 demand require advise suggest order insist 坚持要求 等 表命令 建议 要求的动词后所接的宾语从句中的动词 用 should 动词原形 He suggested that we should not change our mind 他建议我们不要 改变主意 wish 后所接的宾语从句中的谓语动词分别用过去式 过 去完成式和 could would 动词原形表示与现在 过去和将 来情况相反的假设 I wish I c
5、ould be a pop singer 我希 望我是一名流行歌手 主语从句 在 It is necessary important strange that It is suggested demanded ordered requested that 等后所接的主语从句 中 谓语动词用 should 动词原形 It is strange that such a person should be our friends 很奇怪的是 这样一个人会成为我们的朋友 表语从句 和同位语 从句 idea advice order demand request 等表命令 建议 要 求的名词后所接的表语从
6、句和同位语从句中的谓语动词 用 should 动词原形 My advice is that you should finish your homework first 我的建议是 你首先应该做完家庭作业 The idea that you should go is right 你走的建议是正确的 It is high time that 句型中定语从句的谓语动词用过去式 或 should 动词原形 优先使用过去式 It is high time that we left 该是我 们离开的时候了 would rather 所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式I would rather you
7、 stayed at home now 我宁愿你现在待在家里 其他句型 中 if only 句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式 表示强烈 的愿望 If only our dream had come true 要是我们的梦想成真该多好 二 其他要注意的事项二 其他要注意的事项 1 虚拟语气中出现 be 的过去式 在口语中 当主语是第一 三人称单数时 可用 was 但在 if 的倒 装句中只能用 were 如 Were I you I would apologize to her 如果我是你的话 我就会去向她道歉 2 suggest 表 暗示 表明 和 insist 表 坚持认为 时 其后的宾语
8、从句用陈述语气 如 Your pale face suggests that you are ill 你苍白的脸色表明你生病了 He insisted that he was right 他坚持认为他是对的 如 insist 表 坚持要求 时 其后的宾语从句则要 用虚拟语气 3 if 虚拟语气条件句中如有 had should were 可省略 if 并将这些词提前引起倒装 如 Were I you I would remain 如果我是你 我会留下来 Had you told me earlier I wouldn t have missed it 如果你早点告诉我 我就不会错过它了 4 可
9、用 without but for 构成的介词短语代替虚拟语气条件句 如 But for your help I would have failed the exam 如果没有你的帮助 我不会通过考试的 Without water there would be no life 没有水 就没有生命 5 as if though even if though 引导的从句也可以不用虚拟语气 表示真实的情况 如 It looks as if it is going to rain 看起来似乎要下雨了 考点练透考点练透 一 单句填空一 单句填空 用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空 1 If he warn
10、he not take that food Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately 2 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water it looks as if it break 3 I would rather they not hear of the news 4 I wish have a room of my won when I was a child 5 But for the teacher I not change my attitude to study yet 6 Witho
11、ut air to hold some of the sun s heat the earth at night be freezing cold too cold for us to stay 7 If I had worked harder at school I sit in a comfortable office now 8 Her pale face suggested that she be ill and her colleagues suggested that she have a medical examination 9 I insisted he go to see
12、a doctor but he insisted nothing be wrong with him 10 He asks that he give an opportunity to explain why he has refused to go there 11 It is high time we get down to discuss this plan 12 If it were not for the fact that you be too busy I would ask you to help me do this right now 13 Who do you sugge
13、st send to work there 14 I would have come earlier but I not know that you were waiting for me 15 If it rain tomorrow the outing would be cancelled 16 If there were no air people die 17 If he study harder he might pass the exam 18 If he take my advice he would not have made such a mistake 19 We woul
14、d rather you go here tomorrow 20 It is high time that you go to pick up your daughter at school 二 语篇填空二 语篇填空 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 I am a middle school student I have many dreams If there 1 be not so much homework I would have more time to do what I like to do How I wish I 2 listen to my favorite music for
15、 an hour a day and 3 play table tennis for an hour in the morning It is my desire that we 4 hold evening parties or 5 organize some interesting activities at weekend I suggest that there 6 be not so many tests You can imagine what life 7 will be if I 8 realize my dream But I must fact the exams With
16、out good marks I 9 will not enter my ideal university Anyway it s high time that I 10 encourage myself and worked hard from now on 三 语法填空三 语法填空 阅读下面短文 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 What will happen if ice caps melt The level of the world s oceans will rise 1 this is not the real problem the problem is that these white ice caps reflect sunlight much of 2 is reflected back into space in turn 3 cool earth but with the ice caps melting 4 only reflector is the ocean darker color absorbs sunlight causing f
