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1、各种时态的被动语态形式为 1 be done 过去分词 一般现在时2 has havebeendone现在完成时3 am is arebeingdone现在进行时4 was weredone一般过去时5 hadbeendone过去完成时6 was werebeingdone过去进行时7 shall willbedone begoingtobedone beabouttobedone betobedone 一般将来时8 should wouldbedone过去将来时 被动语态的特殊结构形式1 双宾语动词用于被动结构时 通常变为主语的是间接宾语 另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面 Hismothergav
2、ehimapresent Hewasgivenapresentbyhismother 2 当 动词 宾语 宾语补足语 结构变为被动语态时 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语 其余不动 Someonecaughttheboysmoking Theboywascaughtsmoking 4 在使役动词have make get感官动词see watch notice hear feel observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时 变为被动结构时要还原to Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding 5
3、 有些动词词组 动词 介词 动词 副词 等 用于被动结构要把它们看作一个整体 不能分开 其介词或副词不能省略 例ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday 不定式由 to do 动词原形 构成 其否定形式是 nottodo 不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语 在句子中作 不定式没有人称和数的变化 但有 和 的变化 主语 表语 宾语 宾补 定语 状语 时态语态 不定式有时态和语态的变化 时态共四种 即一般式 完成式 进行式和完成进行式 语态分为主动语态和被动语态 如下表所示 时态与语态 不定式 todo tobedone tobedoing tohavedone toha
4、vebeendone tohavebeendoing 归纳 逻辑主语是动作的执行者时用 语态 逻辑主语是动作的承受者时用 语态 主动 被动 1 Hehopes see youagain 他希望再次见到你 2 Hethoughtitanhonor invite totheparty 他认为被邀请参加派对是个荣幸 tosee tobeinvited todo tobedone 不定式被动语态tobedone tohavebeendone 1 Heorderedthebridge build withinthemonth 他命令在月内建成这座桥 2 Shewasglad give somuchhel
5、p 得到如此多的帮助 她很高兴 tobebuilt tohavebeengiven 归纳 不定式动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生用 发生在谓语动词的动作之前用 tobedone tohavebeendone 1 Thedishesneed tobewashed wash Practice 小结1 needdoing needtobedone 2 Themailisintended 准备 send tobesent 4 Thehouseis 待售 sell tobesold 3 Thewallisexpected tobepainted paint 适用于believe suppose
6、say report等动词 Peoplebelievethathewaskilled Itisbelievedthathewaskilled Heisbelievedtohavebeenkilled 小结2 Itissaidthatsb sbissaidtodo tohavedone 转化成it s p p that从句 转化成He s p p 大家相信他被杀了 Themeetingtomorrowissaid hold at10o clock 2 Thebookisreported translate intomanylanguages 据报道这本书已经被翻译成很多种语言 tohavebee
7、ntranslated tobeheld 用主动表被动的情况 1 havesth todo句型中的不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系 又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系 例如 Ihavealotofthingstodothisafternoon todo与things是动宾关系 与I是主谓关系 否则 在表示被动意义时 仍需要被动式 试比较 Haveyouanythingtodothisafternoon todo是由you发出的 Haveyouanythingtobetakentoyourparents 谁带不得而知 2 在 主语 be 形容词 不定式 句型中 如果不定式与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关
8、系 用主动表被动 Theplaneisdangeroustofly 这架飞机开起来很危险3 在therebe结构中 用不定式主动表被动 Thereisalwaysmuchhouseworktodointhehouse 4 某些动词 如tolet toblame 责备 toseek 寻找 用主动式表被动意义 1 Thehouseistolet 这房子待出租 2 Heisnottoblame 他不该被责备 RobotBaymax Baymaxisasweetguy 暖男 andheisverypopularespeciallyamonggirls Firstly it look cuteandwa
9、rm whichmakespeoplewant hug byhim 大白是个暖男 尤其在女生中受到欢迎 首先 他看起来很可爱很温暖 这使得大家都想被他抱抱 looks tobehugged Meanwhile asasweethealthcareassistant heiseasy get alongwithandwon tleaveyoualone Heiskindenough accompany youandiseasilyamusedbythewords Iam satisfy withyourcare 同时 作为暖心的健康助手 他很容易相处 而且不会丢下你一个人 他足够友善陪伴你 并且
10、你的 我很满意你的照顾 的话会让他很开心 toget toaccompany satisfied What smore withaselflesspersonality Baymaxdoesn tallowanyone harm Allinall themovieissaid love bythesocietysomuchthatitwonthetopofboxoffice 票房冠军 tobeharmed tohavebeenloved 另外 有着无私的个性 大白不允许任何人受到伤害 总而言之 据说这部电影深受大众喜爱 并赢得了票房冠军 1 Ifcitynoises fromincreasin
11、g peoplewillhavetoshouttobeheardevenatdinner A arenotkeptB isnotkeptC donotkeepD doesnotkeep2 Thefifthgenerationcomputerswithartificialintelligence andperfectednow A developedB havedevelopedC arebeingdevelopedD willhavebeendeveloped3 Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection A hascompletedB completesC has
12、beencompletedD iscompleted4 Rainforests andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture A cutB arecutC arebeingcutD hadbeencut A C D C 1 Ourhouse A isgettingpaintB isgettingpaintedC isgotpaintedD hasgottopaint2 HearrivedinBeijing wherehe hisfriend A wasmetbyB wasmetC wasmeeting
13、D metby3 Thewar in1937A wasbrokenoutB hadbeenbrokenoutC hasbrokenoutD brokeout4 Themistakesintheexerciseswill theteacher A crossB becrossingC becrossedbyD crossby5 MybrotherandIhave herbirthdayparty A beeninvitedB beeninvitedforC invitedtoD beeninvitedto B A D C D 6 It thiswayA ishadtodoBishadtobedo
14、neChadtobedoneD hastodo7 It thisway AusedtodoBusedtobedoneCisusedtodoDisusedtodoing8 Chaplin A Thechild snamewascalledB Thechild snamecallsC ThechildcallsD Thechildisnamed9 Thesportsmeeting A isputoffB istoputoffC istobeputoffD putsoff10 Maryrealizedshe A wasmakingfunofB wasmadefunC wasbeingmadefuno
15、fD wasbeingmadefun C B D A C 11 tosayathinginthatwayA ItisconsiderswrongB ItisconsideredwrongC Itisconsideredit swrongD Itisconsiedringwrong12 Heorderedthatthebooks atonce A wouldbeprintedB wouldprintC beprintedD print13 Thestory inChinA AwastakenplaceBwashappenedCtookplaceDhasbeentakenplace14 Theho
16、use myparentsA isbelongtoB belongtoC belongstoD isbelongedto15 He byhisteacher A happenedtoseeB washappenedtoseeC happenedtobeseenD washappenedtobeseen B C C C C 16 Greatchanges inourprovince Manytallbuildings A havebeentakenplace havebeensetupB havetakenplace havebeensetupC havebeentakenplace havebeensetupD weretakenplace weresetup17 Thehall s butit snotyet withlamps A furnished finishedB beenfinished beenfurnishedC beingfinished beingfurnishedD setup full18 Thenewhallisthetallestbuildinginthis
