《高考英语二轮复习专题12：特殊句式Word版含解析》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语二轮复习专题12：特殊句式Word版含解析（15页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、专题十二特殊句式考向预测特殊句型是英语学习中必须掌握的难点知识，熟练地掌握和使用对提高应试能力有很大的帮助。通过近几年试题的分析与研究，主要从以下几个方面进行考查：倒装句、强调句和省略句。在学习时，首先应弄清楚如何正确地使用，其次要在具体的语境中灵活使用。知识与技巧的梳理近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象，如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句，把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。考点1 强调句-强调句结构及其中的who和that强调句的基本构成为：It is/was+被强调部分+who/that+其他成分。无论强调那个部分，其后面
2、的连接词只能用who或者that。被强调的部分指人时，可用who或that；被强调的部分不指人时，切不可因为强调的是时间、地点、原因或者方式状语而用when, where, why或how,此时必须用that。如： It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again正是在战争结束后爱因斯坦才得以重新回到研究工作中去。It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed那位老太太是在银行的前面被抢劫的。I
3、t is when he got back that he knew what had happened他回来后才知道所发生的情况。It was the goats eyes that he had seen in the darkness他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛。特别提示：强调句中的主谓一致性：当强调主语时，其后的谓语动词应与主语一致，即人称和数要一致。如： It is my mother who cooks every day每天煮饭的是我妈妈。 It is he who is wrong是他错了。【典例】It was after he got what he had desir
4、ed _he realize it was not so important.A. thatB. whenC. sinceD. as【答案】A【解析】考查强调句型。句意：直到他得到了他想要的东西，他才意识到它并没有那么重要。此处为强调句型，其基本结构为：it+ is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分，本题强调after he got what he had desired，故A正确。考点2 强调句-强调状语部分强调句所强调的状语部分可以是介词短语、副词或状语从句。如：1.强调介词短语It is not without an effort that we can expect to
5、 succeed. 不经努力，我们不能指望成功。2.强调状语从句It was before he went to London that he had learned English for three years他在去伦敦之前已经学了三年英语。(强调时间)It was where you have questions that youd better make a mark最好在你有疑问的地方做个记号。(强调地点)It was because she was ill that she didnt come to the party她没来参加聚会是因为她病了。(强调原因)It is as th
6、e Party tells us that we must do我们必须做的就是听从党的安排。(强调方式)It is as long as you promise to be back before 8：00 that you can go out只要你保证八点以前回来你就可以出去。(强调条件)3.强调not until结构It was not until his mother told him everything that Jack understood why she was angry with him. 直到母亲把一切都告诉他，Jack才明白母亲为什么生他的气。特别提示：not un
7、til 引导的复合句放于句首时，主句须用倒装语序。但如果放于被强调的位置，则that后的主谓不倒装。如： It wasnt until I got off the bus that I realized it直到下车我才意识到这一点。(强调句) Not until I got off the bus did I realize it直到下车我才意识到这一点。(倒装句)【典例】It _not until she came back _ Jane realized that she had lost her ID card.A. is, thatB. was, whoC. was, thatD.
8、is, who【答案】C【解析】考查强调句型及时态。句意：直到到了家，简才发现她的身份证丢了。在高中英语中not和until只能在两种情况下紧挨着出现：1.强调句型It is/was not until.that.; 2.倒装句型Not until.。在其他情况下一律用not.until.,分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句，又因句子使用了一般过去时和过去完成时可知，此处应使用was。故C选项正确。考点3 强调句-强调句的疑问句1一般疑问句。结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分?如：Was it during the Anti-Japanese War that
9、he died? 他是在抗日战争期间去世的吗?2特殊疑问句。结构为：特殊疑问词(what/Who/when/Why/Where/How)+is/was it+ that/who+句子其他成分?如：Why is it that smoking is not allowed here? 为什么这儿不允许吸烟? 考点4 强调句-强调句与主语从句、定语从句和状语从句的辨析1. 掌握强调句与“It is/wasthat+从句.”式主语从句的使用区别。主句从句中it is/was后通常用名词或形容词作表语，而强调句中it is/was后被强调的成分是主语、宾语或状语。如： It is a wonder t
10、hat the wounded soldier is still alive. 那个受伤的士兵还活着，真是个奇迹。（主语从句） It is a wonder that we visited yesterday. 我们昨天参观的是一个奇迹。（强调句）2定语从句的引导词(即关系代词和关系副词)在从句的使用过程中较为丰富，如who，that，which，whose，when，where，why等，与充当先行词的名词或代词存在修饰与被修饰的关系；而强调句中的引导词只有who和that，强调人时，用who或that，强调其他时，只用that，且与被强调的部分不存在修饰与被修饰的关系。如：It was 2
11、009 when she graduated from the senior high school那是2009年，她高中毕业的时候。(定语从句)It was in 2009 that she graduated from the senior high school. 她高中毕业是在2009年。（强调句）3. 容易与强调句混淆的时间状语从句主要有：(1) It is/was+时间+since从句。有两种含义：如果since从句中的谓语动词是非延续性的。则译为“自从有多长时间了”；如果是延续性的，则译为“不做某事已有多长时间了”。如：It is three years since he joi
12、ned the army自他参军以来已有三年了。It is many years since he smoked他没有吸烟已有好多年了。(2) It is/will(not)be+时间段+before从句。表示“要过多久(不久)才”，before从句后的谓语动词多用一般现在时。如：It wont be long before you reach your goal你离成功不远了。(3) It was+时间段+before从句。表示 “过了多久才”。before从句后的谓语动词多用一般过去时。如：It was four hours before he finished the work. 过了四
13、小时他才完成工作。【典例】It was after having her first child at a time_ my mother was working as a lawyer _she decided to run for governor of the stateA. that; thatB. which; thatC. that; whoD. when; that【答案】D【解析】考查强调句型和定语从句。句意：在我母亲做律师的时生了第一个孩子后，她决定竞选州长。第一空“when”引导定语从句，先行词是“ a time”，从句中缺少时间状语，故用关系副词“when”；第二空“th
14、at”构成了强调句式的基本结构It is/was+强调部分+that从句。4. 谓语动词的强调强调句“It is/wasthat”一般不强调谓语动词，如果要强调谓语，用助动词do，does或did。如：The family did manage to send him to a technical schoo1家里的确设法让他上技术学校。考点5 倒装句-全部倒装把谓语全部提到主语前面，叫全部倒装或完全倒装。主要有：1. 以here, there, out, in, up, down, away等副词开头，谓语动词多为be, come, go等，则需用全部倒装。如：There flows a r
15、iver at the foot of the mountain. 山脚下有一条河。2. 以then, now, thus开头，谓语动词多为come, follow, begin, end, be, 主语又是名词/名词词组，则用全部倒装（若主语是代词，则不能倒装）。如：Now comes your turn! 该你了3当地点类介词短语位于句首且后有不及物动词be，come，sit，live，stand，lie，exist等时，常用全部倒装。如：On the ground lay an old man，who was dying地上躺着一位老人，奄奄一息。4such作表语，置于句首，表示“这样的人/事物；上述的人/事物”。be动词须与后面的主语保持一致。如：Such is their decision他们的决定就是这样。【典例】_, without waiting for any reply.A. Away did he goB. Away went heC. Away he wentD. Did he go
