《山东省菏泽市中考英语动词的时态与被动语态四年真题回顾》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《山东省菏泽市中考英语动词的时态与被动语态四年真题回顾（12页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2019年山东菏泽市中考英语：动词及动词短语考点一 常见易混动词辨析1spend/pay/cost/take表示“花费”spend主语是人，指花费时间和金钱。spend. on.; spend. (in) doing sth.pay主语是人，指花费金钱。pay. for.spend. oncost主语是物或某种活动，指花费金钱或其他代价。sth. cost(s) (sb.).take多用it作形式主语，指花费时间。It takes sb. . to do sth.Sb. spend(s). (in) doing sth.Mom never spends any money on herself
2、.妈妈从来都不在自己身上花钱。May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week.你能借给我12块钱吗？我下周还你。It wont cost you a penny for the first six months.开始的六个月你不用花一分钱。It took them three years to build this road.他们用三年时间修完了这条路。2look/watch/see/read 表示“看”look看(动作)；可单独成句；look at.watch看(电视、比赛)；注视see看见(结果)；看望；理解(I see.)
3、read看(书、报)；读；读懂别人的内心look可以表示“看上去”，是感官系动词，后接形容词。看病(看医生)用see a doctor表示。3speak/say/talk/tell表示“说”speak发言；说(某种语言)say说(内容)；写有talk谈论；talk about sth.; talk to/with sb.tell告诉；讲述；tell sb. (not) to do sth.4.感官动词look/taste/sound/feel/smelllook看起来(视觉)taste尝起来(味觉)sound听起来(听觉)feel摸起来(触觉)smell闻起来(嗅觉)5.borrow/lend
4、/keep表示“借”borrow借用；borrow sth. from sb.lend借给；lend sth. to sb.keep借用若干时间；keep. for 2 days6hope/wish/expecthope希望；hope to to sth.; hopethat 从句wish但愿、希望；wish to do sth.; wish sb. to do sth.; wishthat 从句expect期待、期望； expect to do sth.; expect sb. to do sth.7.forget/leaveforget表示“忘记”时，forget通常不能与表示地点的副词或
5、短语连用leave在表示“遗忘”时，通常要与表示地点的状语连用8.hear/listen/soundhear听见；hear名词(强调听的结果)listen听；listen to名词(强调听的过程)sound听起来； sound形容词(强调听的效果)9.wear/put on/dress/be inwear“穿着；戴着”，强调状态，wear后可接穿戴的东西，包括眼镜、首饰等put on“穿上；戴上”，指“穿”的动作，反义词为“take off”dress“穿衣”，是及物动词，后接人作宾语，意为“给某人穿衣服”；dress onself“打扮；给自己穿衣服”be in表示状态，后接衣服，也可接表颜
6、色的词10.reach/get/arrivereach“到达”，是及物动词(比get更正式)，其后可直接接地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)get“到达”，不及物动词，之后通常接介词 toarrive“到达”，不及物动词，之后通常接介词 at (一般用于较小的地方)或 in (一般用于较大的地方)1(2018山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟三)I meeting Jack today because I am still angry with him.Come on, Mary. You are good friends.Aavoid Bexpect Cenjoy2(2018广东普宁模拟改编)I dont
7、know the restaurant, but its to be quite a good one.Asaid Btold Cspoken3(2018广西贵港港南二模改编)How much money did he you yesterday?500 yuan. I told him I would return it to him in three weeks.Agive Bborrow Clend4.(2018甘肃定西中考改编)I cant find my English textbook.Is it possible that you it at home?Alost Bforgot
8、 Cleft5(2018四川泸州中考改编)It about eight minutes for the light to travel from the sun to the earth.Acosts Bspends Ctakes考点二 动词短语辨析常考的动词短语辨析有三种：第一种是同一动词的不同搭配；第二种是同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配；第三种是完全不同的动词短语。1同一动词的不同搭配(1)look短语look after照料；照顾look at看look for寻找；寻求look forward to盼望；期待look out注意；当心；向外看look through快速查看；浏览loo
9、k up(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看look up to钦佩；仰慕(2)cut短语cut down砍倒cut off切除cut out删除；删去cut up切碎(3)run短语run after追逐；追赶run away跑开run out (of)用尽；耗尽(4)turn短语turn down调低turn up调高turn. into变成turn on接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开turn off关掉turn left/right向左/右转(5)take短语take after(外貌或行为)像take care of照顾；处理take down拆除；往下拽；记录take in吸入
10、；吞入(体内)take off脱下；起飞take place发生；出现take up (尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做(6)get短语get dressed穿上衣服get into陷入；参与get lost迷路get off下车get on 上车get on with与相处get up起床；站起(7)use短语be/get used to习惯于be used to do被用来做used to曾经；过去(8)give短语give away赠送；捐赠give out分发；散发give up放弃give in屈服give off 发出(光、气味等)；长出(枝、杈等)(9)call短语call (sb.)
11、 back(给某人)回电话call in召来；叫来call up打电话给(某人)；征召(10)come短语come true实现；成为现实come up with想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)(11)bring短语bring back恢复；使想起；归还bring up养育；抚养bring out使显现；使表现出(12)fall短语fall asleep进入梦乡；睡着fall down突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌fall in love爱上；喜欢上fall over绊倒(13)go短语go along (the street) 沿着(这条街)走go off (闹钟)发出响声go out外出(娱乐)(1
12、4)make短语make sure确保；查明make up编造(故事、谎言等)make a decision 做决定make fun of 取笑make use of 利用(15)put短语put on增加(体重)；发胖put off推迟put up搭起；举起；张贴put away收拾(整理)好put sth. to good use好好利用某物put out熄灭(16)set短语set out出发；启程set up建起；建立2同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配(1)up短语cheer up(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来clean up打扫(或清除)干净dress up装扮；乔装打扮end up最终成
13、为；最后处于fix up修理；装饰grow up长大；成熟hurry up赶快；急忙pick up捡起；接电话show up赶到；露面stay up熬夜wake up醒；叫醒(2)out短语blow out吹灭check out察看；观察clear out清理；丢掉find out查明；弄清hand out分发hang out闲逛；常去某处lay out摆开；布置leave out不包括；不提及；忽略sell out卖光set out出发；启程work out成功地发展；解决(3)down短语die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失look down瞧不起let. down使失望lie down躺下
14、pull. down拆下；摧毁write down写下；记录下(4)with短语agree with同意；赞成compare. with比较；对比connect. with.把和连接或联系起来deal with应付；处理share with分享part with放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)3完全不同的动词词组ask for请求；恳求(给予)care for照顾；非常喜欢believe in信任；信赖care about关心；在意clean. off把擦掉depend on依靠；信赖divide. into把分开separate from分开；分离hear from接到(某人的)信、电话等throw away扔掉；抛弃drop by顺便访问；随便进入stick to坚持；固守pay attention to注意；关注pass by路过；经过pay for付费；付出代价prepare for.为做准备pull together齐心协力；通力合作shut off关闭；停止运转ta
