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1、第 1 页 共 6 页 中考英语定语从句专项讲解 一 专题讲解 一 关系副词 1 关系副词的用法 当关系词在句中作状语时 应用关系副词 表时间用 when 表地点用where 表原因用why 关系副词 介词 关系代词why for which where in at on which 介词同先行词搭配 when during on in which I ll never forget the day when we met for the first time This is the place where I was born This is the reason why he came l
2、ate 2 where By the time when you arrived in London we had stayed there for two weeks 当你到达伦敦的 时候 我们在那里已经待了两个星期 I still remember the place where I met her for the first time 我仍然记得我第一次见到她的地 方 Each time when he goes to business trip he brings a lot of living necessities such as towels soap toothbrush et
3、c 他每次出差都带着生活必需品 如毛巾 肥皂 牙刷等其他东西 当从句的逻辑主语是some any no somebody anybody nobody something anything everything 或 nothing 时 常用 there is 开头 There is somebody here who wants to talk to you 这里有人要和你说话 3 why 关系副词why 主要用于修饰表原因的名词 主要是the reason 同时它在定语从句中用 作原因状语 如 We don t know the reason why he didn t show up 我们
4、不知道他为什么没有来 第 2 页 共 6 页 She didn t tell me the reason why she refused the offer 她没跟我讲她拒绝这项工作的原因 与关系副词when 和 where 不同 why 可以换成that 或省略 如 That s one of the reasons why that I asked you to come 这就是我请你来的原因之一 4 when 关系副词when 主要用于修饰表时间的名词 同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语 如 There comes a time when you have to make a choice
5、你必须作出抉择的时候到了 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked 他们为所欲为的日子一去不复返了 We ll put off the picnic until next week when the weather may be better 我们将把野餐推迟 到下星期 那时天气可能会好一点 注意不要一见到先行词为时间名词 就以为一定要用关系副词when 来引导定语从句 同 时还要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分 如果在定语从句中用作时间状语 就用when 如果在定语从句中不是用作时间状语 而是用作主语或宾语 那就不能用when 而要
6、用 that which 等 如 Don t forget the time that which I ve told you 不要忘记我告诉你的时间 关系代词that which 在定语从句中用作动词told 的宾语 正因为是用作宾语 所以也可 以省略 5 where 关系副词where 主要用于修饰表地点的名词 同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语 如 This is the village where he was born 这就是他出生的村子 That s the hotel where we were staying last summer 这就是我们去年夏天住的旅馆 Barbary wa
7、s working in Aubury where she went daily in a bus 巴巴拉在奥伯里工作 每天得 坐公共汽车去上班 与前面 when 的情况一样 注意不要一见到先行词为地点名词 就以为一定要用关系副词 where 来引导定语从句 同时还要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分 如果在定语从句中用 作地点状语 就用where 如果在定语从句中不是用作地点状语 而是用作主语或宾语 那 就不能用where 而要用that which 等 如 He works in a factory that which makes TV sets 他在一家电视机厂工作 第 3 页 共 6 页
8、二 非限定性定语从句 意义 非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用 缺少也不会影响全句的理解 在非限制性定语从句 的前面往往有逗号隔开 如 1 The house which I bought has a lovely garden 我买的房子带着个漂亮的花园 2 This novel which I have read three times is very touching 这本我已经读过三遍的小说很 感人 1 非限定性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词 对其进行修饰 这时从句谓语动词要用第三 人称单数 例如 1 He seems not to have grasped what I meant wh
9、ich greatly upsets me 他似乎没理解我的意 思 这使我心烦 2 Liquid water changes to vapor which is called evaporation 液态水变为蒸汽 这就叫做蒸 发 2 在非限定定语从句中 有时 as也可用作关系代词 若 as在从句中作主语 其引导的句子 可以放在句首 也可以放在句中 例如 1 The boy has as much progress as we had expected 正像我们所预料的那样 这个男孩取 得了大的进步 2 As everyone knows China is a beautiful countr
10、y with a long history 每个人都知道 中 国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家 3 在非限定性定语从句中 不能用从句做主语 1 错 The boys who are playing football are from Class One 在踢足球的男孩们是一 班的 2 错 I helped an old man who lost his way yesterday 昨天 我帮助了一个迷路的老 人 练习 一 判断先行词 再填入适当的关系词 1 The building stands near the train station is a supermarket 第 4 页 共 6
11、页 2 This was the time he arrived 3 Nobody knows the reason he is often late for school 4 This is the room in he lives 5 Tom came back made us happy 6 This is the most interesting story book I have ever read 1 which 2 when 3 why 4 which 5 which 6 that 二 语法填空 1 This is the mountain village I visited l
12、ast year 2 I ll never forget the days I worked together with you 3 I forget the time he will come 4 The reason he can t come is that he is ill 5 This is the factory I visited last year 6 This is the factory I worked last year 7 This is the reason can explain his absence 1 Which 2 when3 when4 why5 wh
13、ich6 where7 which 强化练习 1 I have bought such a watch was advertised on TV A that B which C as D it 2 I can never forget the day we worked together and the day we spent together A when which B which when C what that D on which when 3 The way he looks at problems is wrong A which B whose C what D 4 Thi
14、s is the reason he didn t come to the meeting A in which B with which C that D for which 5 This machine for many years is still working perfectly 第 5 页 共 6 页 A after which I have looked B which I have looked after C that I have looked after D I have looked after 6 The reason he didn t come was he wa
15、s ill A why that B that why C for that that D for which what 7 He is working hard will make him pass the final exam A that B which C for which D who 8 That is not the way I do it A B which C for which D with which 9 I have two grammars are of great use A all of which B either of which C both of that
16、 D both of which 10 I want to use the same tools used in your factory a few days ago A as was B which was C as were D which 11 My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble was very kind of them A who B which C that D it 12 This is the magazine I copied the paragraph A that B which C from that D from which 13 He is not such a man would leave his work half done A that B which C who D as 14 You can depend on whatever promise he makes A B why C when D whose 15 Smoking is a bad habit is how
