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1、Unit3 Pastperfecttense Presentperfectorpastperfect Grammarandusage HongKong toChinain1997 returned Warmup Macao toChinain1999 returned HongKong toChinabeforeMacaocamebacktoChina hadreturned Thesimplepasttensetalksaboutapastaction Whensomethinghappensatanevenearliertimeinthepast weusethepastperfectte
2、nse Pastperfecttense haddone Present Past buildagarden cleanthehouse I thehousebeforeI agarden hadcleaned built Friday ThefollowingiswhatIdidlastweek MoreexamplesofthePastperfecttense 1 Whenwegottothestation thetrainhadleft 2 Bytheendoflastyear mybrotherhadbeenasoldierfor10years 3 BeforeTonywenttowo
3、rk hehadfinishedreadingthenovel 4 Notuntil10yearslaterdidsheknow thediamondshehadborrowedwasjustmadeofglass 主语 had 过去分词 肯定式 主语 had not 过去分词 否定式 Had 主语 过去分词 疑问式 主语 hadbeen 过去分词 被动语态 e g Wehadnotheardfromhimsincewelefthere 自从我们离开以来一直没有收到他的来信 Pastperfecttense 1 在told said knew heard thought等动词后的宾语从句 e
4、g Shesaid that shehadneverbeentoParis 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎 2 状语从句在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中 发生在先 用过去完成时 发生在后 用一般过去时 e g Whenthepolicearrived thethieveshadrunaway 警察到达时 小偷们早跑了 3 表示意向的动词 如hope wish expect think intend mean suppose等 用过去完成时表示 原本 未能 e g Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcome butyoudidn t 那时我们希望你能来 但是你没有来 4 在by bytheend
5、bythetime until before since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句 e g Bytheendoflastyear wehadproduced20 000cars 到去年年底 我们已经生产20 000辆车 Thetrainhadleftbeforewereachedthestation 我们到达车站的时候火车已经离开了 5 表示 一 就 的几个句型 Hardlyhad 主语 过去分词 when 一般过去时Nosoonerhad 主语 过去分词 than 一般过去时Scarcelyhad 主语 过去分词 before 一般过去时e g Nosoonerhadwebeensea
6、tedthanthebusstarted 我们一坐下 车就开了 典型考题 Thestudents busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe intheoffice A hadwritten leftB werewriting hasleftC hadwritten hadleftD werewriting hadleft 答案D 把书忘在办公室 发生在 去取书 这一过去的动作之前 因此 忘了书 这一动作发生在过去的过去 用过去完成时 句中when表示的是时间的一点 表示在 同学们正忙于 这一背景下 when所引导的动作发生 因此前一句应用过去进行时 1 Then
7、ewsisnosurprisetome I forsometimethatthefactoryisgoingtoshutdown A hadknownB knowC haveknownD knew 过去完成时不能孤立使用 它必须以过去某一时间为基点 即 过去的过去 因此只有在和过去某时或动作相比较时才用到它 2 JohnandI friendsforeightyears WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty Butwe eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat A hadbeen haveseenB havebeen h
8、aveseenC hadbeen hadseenD havebeen hadseen 3 我原打算来的 但太忙了 mean Ihadmeanttocome butIwastoobusy hadmeant planned intendedtodo 表示过去未曾实现的愿望 打算 想法等 AmeliaEarhart ThefirstwomanpilottoflyacrosstheAtlantic 生于1897年7月24日 1937年7月2日失踪 1939年1月5日被宣布逝世 AmeliaEarhartwasbornon24July1897 Shehadanexcitingchildhood Befo
9、reshemovedtoDesMoines she already herfirstairplane She toChicago sixyearslater SheworkedasanurseintheFirstWorldWarandbecameinterestedinflying She already flyinglessonsbeforesheboughtherfirstplane had seen had moved taken Thenherinterestinflyingreallybegantogrow In1929 sheorganizedanairraceforwomen A
10、yearearlier she thefirstwomanairpassengertoflyacrosstheAtlantic hadbecome ShemarriedGeorgePutnamin1931 They threeyearsbeforewhenheinterviewedherinNewYork In1932 shebecamethefirstwomantoflyaloneacrosstheAtlantic hadmet On1June1937 she herround the worldflight TheflightwentwellinJune ShereachedNewGuin
11、eaonthe29th She flyingnearlyamonthearlier WhenthebasetriedtocontactAmeliaat9 30p m on2July1937 she already missing started hadstarted had gone WhentheTitanicwasbuilt peopleassumeditwouldneversink So whenitsankonitsfirstjourney thenews 1 surprise everyonegreatly TheTitanicwasbuiltinBelfast Ireland It
12、smakers 2 spend agreatdealofmoneybuildingtheextraordinaryship surprised spent Whenitwasfinished itwasthelargestandmostcomfortableshipeverbuilt TheTitanicsetsailon10April1921 I 3 want tosetfootontheTitaniceversinceitwasbuilt saidMollyBrown aTitanicsurvivor Ineverimagineditwouldsink hadwanted On13Apri
13、l theTitanicwassailingatfullspeedtowardsNewYork Thecaptain who 4 receive warningsabouticebergsallday hadmissedthewarningsasthey 5 arrive hadreceived arrived At2 20a m theTitanicsankintothesea It 6 hit anicebergjustovertwohoursbefore Ofthe2 208peopleaboardtheship only705 7 survive ExplorerRobertBalla
14、rd 8 search fortheTitanicformorethan20yearbeforehefoundit hadhit hadsearched survived Whennewtechnologywasdeveloped we 9 use ittosendcamerasdownintosea Finally wefoundtheship Withhiscameras hewasabletofindtheholealongthesideoftheshipwhich 10 cause ittofillwithwaterandsink hadcaused used Thepresentpe
15、rfecttenseisusedwhenwearetalkingaboutapasteventwhichrelatestothepresenttime Thepastperfecttenseisusedwhenwearediscussingthepastandwanttotalkaboutanevenearlierevent Presentperfectorpastperfect CaiLunisafamousChineseinventor knownforinventingpaper CaiinventedpaperinAD105 but 1 manytimesatfirst Beforeh
16、isinventionworked Cai 2 manydifferentpartsoftreesandplantstomake Theinventorofpaper heartrycatchfailshow hadfailed hadtried paper evenoldfishingnets AfterCaiinventedpaper peoplealloverChinausedit Atthattime however noone 3 ofCaiorpaperintheWest PaperwasspreadtotheWestthroughtheArabs wholearnthowtomakepaperinAD751 hadheard They 4 severalChinesepapermakersduringawar whothentoldthemaboutCai sinvention Oncethepapermakers 5 peoplehowtomakepaper itcameintowidespreaduseallovertheworld hadshown hadcaugh
